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Dosing Exam 1 > Patient Specific Factors > Flashcards

Patient Specific Factors Flashcards

1
Q

Neonate

A

0-28 days

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2
Q

Infant

A

1 month - 1 year

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3
Q

Child

A

1 year - 12 years

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4
Q

Adolescent

A

12-18 years

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5
Q

Elderly

A

> 65 years

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6
Q

Very elderly

A

> 80 years

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7
Q

Young old

A

65-74

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8
Q

Old

A

75-84

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9
Q

Old Old

A

85-94

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10
Q

Oldest Old

A

> 95

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11
Q

Pediatrics Gastric pH

A 
Decreased acidity (increased pH) 
More drugs make it to the intestine intacts
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12
Q

Pediatric Gastric emptying time

A

Delayed in newborns

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13
Q

Geriatrics pH

A

Increased pH (decreased acidity)

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14
Q

Geriatrics GI emptying time

A

Delayed

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15
Q

Geriatrics absorption changes

A

Tmax is increased
AUC is unchanged
Decreased F
Same exposure, peak just won’t occur as quickly

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16
Q

Pediatrics Distribution

A

Newborn = less body water –> give less fat soluble drugs and more water soluble drugs

17
Q

Neonate Protein, albumin, plasma globulin and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein are

A

Decreased

18
Q

Neonate unconjugated bilirubin and FFA are

A

Increased

19
Q

Neonate + High protein binding =

A

Lower dose bc more free drug

20
Q

Geriatric Distribution

A

Decreased total body water (decreased Vd of water drugs)
Increased fat content (increased Vd of fat drugs)
Decreased albumin and alpha-1 acid

21
Q

Pediatric Phase 1 Metabolism

A

3A4 50 %
2D6 25%
2C9/19
Rapid maturity of liver enzymes so the doses are changing in peds

22
Q

Glucuronidation adn acetylation in Peds

A

G: not matured
S: makes up for that

23
Q

Geriatrics Metabolism

A

Decreased liver size and BF
Decreased Phase I
Decreased clearance
Increased half-life

24
Q

Peds Elimination

A

Immature kidneys at birth

GFR is 10-20% when born but increases rapidly

25
Q

Geriatrics Elimination

A

Decreased kidney mass, GFR, renal BF

Increased half-life and increased exposure to toxic metabolites

26
Q

Acid production is greater in

A

men

27
Q

GI transit time is half that of ____ in ____

A

Half of women’s in men

28
Q

Blood volume is greater in

A

Men

Hydrophilic Vd is higher`

29
Q

Fat % is greater in

A

women

30
Q

Phase I + Women

A

3A4 = more efficient

1A2, 2E1 = less efficient

31
Q

Opiate sensitivity increased in

A

women

32
Q

Peds Dose Estimations based on

A

age, weight and BSA

33
Q

Adult/Ger Dose Estimations based on

A

age, kidney function and weight

34
Q

Males IBW

A

50 kg + 2.3 kg X inch > 5 ft

35
Q

Females IBW

A

45.5 kg + 2.3 kg X inch > 5 ft (-2.3 kg X inch > 5 ft)

36
Q

Adjusted body weight

A

IBW + 0.4 * (TBW-IBW)

37
Q

BSA

A

Square root of cm*kg/3600

38
Q

1 Pound = ___ kg

A

2.2

39
Q

1 inch = ____ cm

A

2.54

Dosing Exam 1 (8 decks)

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