Patient Safety & Activity and Exercise Flashcards
Nurses must follow __________ strategies for recognizing harm and risks
organizational
what does ANA stand for
American Nurses Association
what does CDC stand for
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
what does OSHA stand for
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
what does the CMS stand for
Centers for Medicine and Medicaid Services
list the Hierarchy of Controls from most to least effective
Elimination
Substitution
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls
PPE
list the implemented safety protocols
Patient Identification Procedures
Fall Prevention
Safe Medication Administration
Sharps Injury Prevention
Safe Patient Handling
Workplace Violence Prevention
an older adult dies from a fall in the USA every what?
20 minutes
an older adult falls every ________ every day
second
__________ older adults reported a fall in 2014
1 in 4
what does NPSG stand for
National Patient Safety Goals
what are the NPSG’s
Patient Identification
Report/Communicate
Administer Meds Cautiously
Infection Prevention
Suicide Risk Detection
Eliminate Surgery Errors
an unexpected patient/resident occurrence that results in, or could result in, death or serious harm to the patient/resident
Sentinel Events
list factors affecting safety
Age and Development
Lifestyle
Mobility and Health Status
Emotional State
Ability to Communicate
Safety Awareness
Environmental Factors
Vulnerable to physical damage due to environmental conditions interacting with the individual’s adaptive and defensive resources, which may compromise health
Risk for Injury
Absence or deficiency of cognitive information related to a specific topic
Deficient Knowledge
A pattern of cognitive information related to a specific topic, or its acquisition which can be strengthened
Readiness for Enhanced Knowledge
single temporary event that consists of uncontrolled electrical neuronal discharge of the brain that interrupts normal brain function
Seizure
If seizure occurs, list things you should do
Remain with the client and call for assistance.
Do not restrain the client
If the client is not in bed, assist the client to the floor and protect the client’s head by holding it in your lap or on a pillow
Loosen any clothing around the neck and chest.
Turn the client to a lateral position if possible
exercise pattern refers to a person’s routine of exercise, leisure, and recreation
Activity
the ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically. and purposefully in the environment
Mobility
what does ADL stand for
Activities of daily living
a type of physical activity defined as a planned structured, repetitive bodily movement done to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness
Exercise
the bones and cartilage that protect our organs and allow us to move are called
Skeletal system
provides functions for the body through:
contraction, motion, maintenance of posture, heat production
Muscular System
the nerve impulses stimulate muscles to contract
Nervous System
is the efficient use of the body as a machine and as a mean of locomotion, correct body mechanics lead to health promotion and illness prevention
Body Mechanics
bring body parts into position in a manner that promotes optimal balance and maximal body function whether the client is standing, sitting, or lying down
Alignment and Posture
are the functional units of the musculoskeletal system
Joints
maximum movement that is possible for that joint
Range of motion
term used to describe awareness of posture, movement, and changes in equilibrium and knowledge
Prioception
A person’s age and musculoskeletal and nervous system development affect posture, body proportions, body mass, body movements, and reflexes
Growth and Development
Limitations to movement may be medically prescribed for some health problems. To promote healing, devices such as casts, braces, splints, and traction are often used to immobilize body parts
Prescribed Limitations
the bones become spongy and may gradually deform and fracture easily
osteoporosis
muscles losing most of their strength and normal function
atrophy
when the muscle fibres are not able to shorten and lengthen
Contractures
common result of immobilization. The blood pools in the lower extremities, and central blood pressure drops
Orthostatic hypotension
your veins can’t send the blood from your legs back to your heart
Venous stasis
the skeletal muscles do not contract sufficiently, and the muscles atrophy, so the skeletal muscles can no longer assist in pumping blood back to the heart against gravity
Venous Vasodilation and stasis
when the venous pressure is sufficiently great. Some part of the blood is forced out of the blood vessel into the interstitial spaces surrounding the blood vessel
Dependent Edema
The abdominal organs push against the diaphragm, restricting lung movement and making it difficult to expand the lungs fully
Decreased respiratory movement
respiratory tract are normally expelled by changing positions or posture and by coughing
Pooling of Respiratory Secretions
is the collapse of a lobe or of an entire lung
Atelectasis
pooled secretions provide an excellent medium for bacterial growth
Pneumonia
loss of appetite occurs because of the decreased metabolic rate and the increased catabolism that accompany immobility
Anorexia
list the types of exercises
Isotonic
Isometric
Isokinetic
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Dynamic Exercise in which the muscle shortens to produce contraction and movement. Are ADLs and active ROM exercises (those initiated by the client)
isotonic
Are those in which there is a change in muscle tension but no change in muscle length
ISOMETRIC
involve muscle contraction or tension against resistance
Isokinetic
an activity during which the amount of oxygen taken into the body is greater than that used to perform the activity
Aerobic
involves activity in which the muscles cannot draw out enough oxygen from the bloodstream
Anaerobic
When the person remains in bed, gravity impedes the emptying of urine from the kidneys and the urinary bladder, so emptying is not as complete
Urinary stasis
which is accumulation of urine the bladder, bladder distention, and occasionally urinary incontinence
Urinary Retention
static urine provides an excellent medium for bacterial growth
Urinary infection
Related to Bed Rest and Immobility generalized weakness, sedentary lifestyle, and imbalance between oxygen supply and demand
Activity Intolerance
decreased strength and endurance, pain, perceptual or cognitive impairment, neuromuscular impairment, musculoskeletal impairment, and depression or severe anxiety
Impaired Physical Mobility related to intolerance to activity
Inability to wash body parts, inability to obtain or get to water source, activity intolerance, decreased strength and endurance, pain, and impaired transfer ability
Self Care Deficits Related to Inability
related to impaired mobility. Alterations in family and social processes may also result from immobility and inactivity. Disruption in activity and mobility leads to impairment of the ability to perform one’s usual social vocational, educational, and family roles
Risk for Falls
Self-Esteem can result from
Changes in physical abilities
Changes in family responsibilities
Lack of knowledge regarding rehabilitation
