Patient Safety

Question 1

name some factors that influence accident and injury prevention

Answer 1

-age
-developmental stage
-lifestyle
-mental status
-basic needs: oxygen, nutrition, temp
-physical hazards: MVA’s, poison, falls, fire, disasters, lighting, obstacles, bathroom hazards
-transmission of pathogens
-pollution

Question 2

name some factors that influence the safety of infants, toddler, and preschool children

Answer 2

lead poisoning, choking, drowning

Question 3

name some factors that influence the safety of school-age children

Answer 3

head injuries, strangers, improper use of seat belts

Question 4

name some factors that influence the safety of adolescents

Answer 4

risk-taking, drinking and driving, substance abuse, STDs

Question 5

name some factors that influence the safety of adults

Answer 5

risks related to lifestyle habits (alcohol use, smoking, obesity)

Question 6

name some factors that influence the safety of older adults

Answer 6

effects of multiple medications, chronic diseases, falls

Question 7

_________: Accidents other than falls in which the patient is the primary reason for the accident (seizure, fire setting, self-inflicted cuts

Answer 7

patient-inherent accidents

Question 8

_________: Accidents caused by health care providers (medication and fluid errors, improper performance of procedures such as dressing changes, catheterization)

Answer 8

procedure-related accidents

Question 9

______: accidents that are equipment relates result from the malfunction, disrepair, or misuse of equipment or from an electrical hazard

Answer 9

equipment-related accidents

Question 10

name ways that falls can be prevented

Answer 10

-side rails
-Locks on beds and wheelchairs
-Safety bars on toilets
-Call lights in reach
-Bedside items within reach
-Rubber tips on assistive devices
-Proper transfers
-Nonskid footwear

Question 11

________: Human, mechanical, and/or physical device that is used without the client’s permission to restrict his or her freedom of movement

Answer 11

restraint

Question 12

when are restraints necessary

Answer 12

-reduce the risk of injury to others by patients such as disruptive or agitated behavior
-reduce risk of injury from falling
-prevent interruption of therapy
-prevent confused or combative patients from removing support equipment

Question 13

name some complications that can arise from using restraints

Answer 13

-Pressure ulcers
-Constipation
-Pneumonia
-Urinary incontinence
-Contractures
-Nerve damage
-Circulatory impairment
-Self-esteem
-Fear
-Anger

Question 14

to use restraint what must be done first

Answer 14

all less restrictive interventions must be tried first

Question 15

in regards to restraints what must the order include

Answer 15

type of restraint, location, specific patient behaviors, time frame of use

Question 16

where on the bed should restraints be attached

Answer 16

non-movable part of the bed

Question 17

what tie must be used for restraints

Answer 17

quick-release tie

Question 18

how often should restraints be removed

Answer 18

every 2 hours

Question 19

for seizure precautions what should the bed be prepared with

Answer 19

padded side rails and headboard, bed should be in lowest position

Question 20

what steps should you take if a seizure occurs in a patient who is standing

Answer 20

-If client is sitting or standing, guide client to floor and protect head by cradling in lap or placing pillow under head
-Clear surrounding area of furniture

Question 21

what steps should you take if a seizure occurs in a patient who is in bed

Answer 21

-If client is in bed, raise side rails, add padding, and put bed in lowest position
-If possible, turn on side, with head flexed slightly forward
-Do not retrain or place anything in mouth unless needed for airway

Question 22

what should be observed when a patient is having a seizure

Answer 22

sequence and timing of seizure activity

Question 23

what does the mnemonic RACE stand for

Answer 23

(used for fires)
R- Rescue and remove all patients in immediate danger
A- Activate the alarm. Always do this before attempting to extinguish even a minor fire
C- Confine the fire by closing doors and windows and turning off oxygen and electrical equipment
E- Extinguish the fire using an appropriate extinguisher