Activity, Mobility, and Safe Movement Flashcards

1
Q

what three systems work together to ensure a person’s ability to move and maintain posture, alignment, and balance

A

musculoskeletal, neurologic, cardiopulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

______: lack of muscle tone that may result from a lack of physical activity or neurologic impairmnet

A

flaccidity or hypotonicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_____: reduced blood flow to the brain

A

ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

______: weakness on one side of the body as a result of ischemia

A

hemiparesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_______: inability to move all four extremities as a result of ischemia

A

A. Quadriplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

______: paralysis of one side of the body as a result of ischemia

A

B. Hemiplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_______: lower body paralysis as a result of ischemia

A

C. Paraplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

immobility predisposes a person to what (5)

A
  • weakness
  • decreased muscle tone
  • decreased bone and muscle mass
  • potential muscle atrophy (wasting away)
  • potential contracture (permanent fixation of a joint)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

joint contractures begin how soon after disuse

A

within hours of disuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_______: a contracture that results in permanent plantar flexion

A

footdrop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_________: loss of bone mass resulting from lack of activity

A

disuse osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

________: spontaneous breaks without trauma

A

pathologic bone fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

______ = balance

A

equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

______: a safety strategy in which the patient sits up on the side of the bed prior to standing

A

dandling

(important to prevent injury in previously non-abmulatory patients)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_____: manner of walking

A

gait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

______: death of cells, tissue, or organs and can be a result of immobility

A

necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_______: pressure sores, bed sores, or decubitus ulcers and can be a result of immobility

A

pressure ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the _____ scale can be used to identify patients at risk for compromised skin integrity

19
Q

what should be included when documenting about patient positioning

A
  • schedule of positions
  • patient response, assistance, pain/discomfort with positioning
  • time when repositioned
  • current position, body alignment
20
Q

a ______ is a triangular device suspended above the bed that is fastened to an overhead bar attached to the bed frame

A

trapeze bar

(patient’s must have equal bilateral upper-extremity strength to use)
(can be used to assist with repositioning and decrease the risk of shearing)

21
Q

_____ are used on extremities to keep joints in functional positions

A

splints and braces

22
Q

______: degrees of motion of a joint

A

range of motion

23
Q

______: full range of motion

A

active range of motion

24
Q

_________: nurse passively moves each joint to the point of resistance while evaluating patient comfort level

A

passive range of motion

25
_______ are used to apply pressure to the calf to promote venous return - Prevent edema to lower extremities - Prevent deep vein thrombosis and venous stasis - Promote blood flow of venous return - Ultimately, prevent pulmonary emboli
antiembolism hose
26
______ provide protection of bony prominences against skin breakdown; prevent friction between skin and sheets
heel protectors
27
foam or gel combination mattresses reduce ______
pressure
28
______: a bed that uses multiple air-filled cushions and varying amounts of air to reduce pressure or alleviate decubitus ulcers
low air-loss bed
29
a _____ bed used airflow to move silicone particles within the bed to create a watery, fluid-like movement resulting in lower pressure or to alleviate decubitus ulcers
air-fluidized bed
30
maintain a _____ base of support to provide stability and lower your center of gravity
wide
31
______: moving the whole body as a unit
logrolling
32
_________: plastic-like material that reduces friction and can be used for bed-linen changes, repositioning, or transferring
transfer/slide board
33
_____ should be used for patients with unsteady gait or generalized weakness
gait belts (nurse should stand on the patient's weaker side)
34
when transferring a patient from a bed to chair the chair should be placed on what side of the patient
their strong side
35
when transferring a patient from a bed to chair assist the patient to what position on the edge of the bed
dangle position with the feet flat on the floor
36
when applying a gait belt where should you stand in relation to the patient
in front of them and block their feet and knees with yours
37
after the patient stands when transferring from bed to chair you should hold the gait belt and _____ the patient until the back of their legs touch the chair
pivot
38
________ are hand-operated or electrically operated and used to prevent injury to caregivers when transferring a patient
mechanical lifts
39
the top of a cane should be level with what
the hip joint
40
what side of the patient should a cane be held on
the stronger side (move the cane forward, then the weaker side)
41
crutches should fit _____ between the top of the crutch and the axilla
2in or three finger widths
42
the _____ crutch walking technique is used by patients who have injury to one leg
three-point
43
to use a front wheel walker a patient must be able to do what
bear weight on both legs