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BDS2 OSCE > patient safety > Flashcards

patient safety Flashcards

1
Q

what does DRSABC stand for?

A

danger, response, shout, airway, breathing, circulation

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2
Q

what changes are there for covid?

A

DRSBC - do not go near the airway

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3
Q

how do you check for breathing and circulation in covid?

A

stay clear of airway, hand on chest and palpate carotid pulse simultaneously for 10 sec

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4
Q

what is atonal breathing?

A

infrequent noise gasps - not normal

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5
Q

what information do you give when dialling 999 for a cardiac arrest?

A

cardiac arrest, not breathing, location, contact number, covid status

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6
Q

what is the rate of compressions?

A

100-120bpm

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7
Q

how deep should you compress the sternum in an adult?

A

5-6cm

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8
Q

how do you prepare patient for AED?

A

dry area, shave area, cut clothing

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9
Q

how far away should AED be during AED use?

A

a meter

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10
Q

when can you intervene with airway and ventilate during covid?

A

when you have on full AGP PPE

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11
Q

how much O2 is delivered per minute?

A

15L of 100% O2

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12
Q

how do you insert an oropharyngeal airway?

A

insert upside down then rotate 180 degrees

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13
Q

where are defies in GDHS

A

level 1,3,4,6,7

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14
Q

what is the ration of chest compressions to breaths?

A

30:2

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15
Q

what are the shockable rhythms?

A

ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, VF and VT

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16
Q

how many volts is a AED?

A

4800V

17
Q

name the 6 links of the chain of infection

A

infectious agent, resevoirs, portal of exit, means of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

18
Q

what does virulence mean?

A

the ability of the microbe to cause disease

19
Q

what does microbe dose mean?

A

the number of microbes entering the body

20
Q

what is the ID50?

A

infectious dose 50 - the dose required for infectious organism to cause infection in 50% of subjects

21
Q

what are some examples of virulence factors?

A

exotoxins (s.aureus and p.gingivalis)

endotoxins (lipopolysacharide e coli)

22
Q

where can pathogens originate?

A

humans, animals, environment and fomites (contaminated surfaces)

23
Q

what is the incubation period?

A

time between contamination and development of symptoms

24
Q

what is an example of natural portal of exit?

A

coughing and sneezing

25
Q

explain the R number

A

R<0 the infection will die out

R>0 infection will spread

26
Q

what factors affect R number?

A

duration of infectivity
infectiousness
number of susceptible people

27
Q

how can dentistry mitigate aerosol spread of infection?

A

use of rubber dam
high volume aspiration
surgery ventilation

28
Q

examples of portal of entry

A

respiratory tract, GI tract, surgical/open wound, sexual contact, sharps injury

29
Q

examples of susceptible hosts

A

underdeveloped immune system (neonate), declining immune system (elderly), disease or drugs affecting host defences, chronic med conditions and pregnancy

30
Q

what is the Spaulding classification of critical?

A

Items in contact with/penetrate normally sterile sites or mucous membranes e.g. forceps, perio scaler, burs, scalpels

31
Q

what is the Spaulding classification of semi-critical?

A

items in contact with intact mucosal membrane e.g. handpiece, 3 in 1, mirror

32
Q

what is the Spaulding classification of non critical?

A

items in contact with intact skin e.g. light cure, x ray heads

33
Q

what is the Spaulding classification of minimal risk?

A

items not normally in contact with intact skin e.g. dental chair

34
Q

what is detergent?

A

synthetic organic water soluble agents which have wetting agent, emulsifying and soil holding properties

35
Q

what are the 5 moments for hand hygiene?

A 
before touching a patient
after touching a patient
after body fluid exposure risk
before clean/septic procedure
after touching patient surroundings
36
Q

what are the blood borne viruses?

A

hep B
hep C
HIV

37
Q

what is a significant exposure?

A

exposures/sharps injuries involving a patient infected with a BBV

38
Q

what is the chance of acquiring BBV after contaminated sharps injury?

A

HBV - 1 in 3
HCV - 1 in 30
HIV - 1 in 300

39
Q

what do you do when you get a sharps injury

A 
A apply pressure and allow to bleed
W wash don't scrub
A assess injury type
R risk of source blood
E establish contact - call occupational health

BDS2 OSCE (18 decks)

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