Patient Practitioner Relationship Flashcards
What is a patient practitioner relationship?
The dynamic interaction between a patient and practitioner to collaborate to achieve best possible outcomes, is based on trust communication and mutual respect.
What is patient practitioner interpersonal skills?
Any form of communication between a patient and practitioner.
What is non-verbal communication?
- Interactions that take place other than talking and provide cues to practitioners understand their patients unspoken concerns.
- Such as facial expressions, gestures, invasion of personal space, paralanguage, body language, and clothing.
Describe the example study by McKinstry and Wang.
- Investigate clothing affect the practitioner patient relationship.
- 475 patients seeing 30 different doctors from five medical centres in Scotland.
- Participants were told to rate questions regarding acceptability on a scale from 0 to 5 for each model.
- Results portrayed that most acceptable doctors were wearing a white coat and 64% said the way their doctor dressed was quite important
What is verbal communication?
Communication through words.
State factors that can affect verbal communication.
- Primacy effect: information said at the beginning of consultation is most likely to be remembered.
- Forgetting: patients often remember little of their appointments.
Describe the example study by McKinley.
- Aimed to investigate the understanding of technical language among working-class families in a Scottish maternity ward.
- 87 unskilled working class females, either utilisers or under utilisers.
- Were presented a list of 13 words seen as regularly used and were asked to say the meaning of those words.
- results showed a consistently higher word comprehension among the patients who were considered utilisers.
- In conclusion physicians consistently underestimate level of word comprehension and practitioners should explain terminology so patients understand better.
Explain what type one error is.
False positive – when a doctor diagnoses a patient as being ill when their are healthy.
Explain what type to error is.
False negative – when a doctor diagnosis a patient as healthy when they have a diagnose medical condition.
Explain what a sharing style is.
Actively involves the patient in the consultation such as asking them what they think is wrong and how they would like the doctor to help them.
Explain what a directing style is.
Involves the doctor making a diagnosis after listening to the patient symptoms and telling them what treatment they need.
Explain Savage and Armstrong’s key study.
(aim – research method – data collection– sample – procedure – results – conclusion)
- To investigate whether patient satisfaction is increased with a sharing style of consultation compared to a directed style.
- Field experiment in an inner London general practice.
- Questionnaires.
- 200 randomly sampled patient ages 16 to 75, any patient presenting any form of symptoms was eligible to be part of the study.
- Patient contented having appointments recorded, were random assigned to one of two conditions and were asked to complete two questionnaires, one directly after consultation and second one week later.
- Significantly more participants in the directed style group agreed they felt greatly helped compared to the sharing style group.
-Directed style consultation lead to greater patient satisfaction regarding the doctors understanding of patient’s problem and the quality of the doctors explanation.
Suggest reasons in delaying seeking treatment.
- Not trusting their doctor.
- Prior negative experience.
- Perceived the stigma around seeking mental health treatment.
Describe the example study by Safer et Al.
- Aimed to investigate factors that influence delays in seeking medical treatment.
- 93 patients, average age of 44, were interviewed in the waiting areas of four clinics in the USA.
1. Total delay: the time taken from first noticing symptoms until the time they were interviewed.
2. Appraisal delay: number of days from first notice a symptom to concluding that they were ill.
3. Illness delay: number of days from concluding they were ill until they decided to get professional help.
4. Utilisation delay: number of days from deciding to seek to being interviewed at the clinic.
What is Münchausen syndrome?
- A serious mental disorder, characterised by the intentional production of physical or psychological symptoms to assume the sick role.
- No external incentives, only gains psychological benefit.
What is malingering?
- Deliberate illness for clear external incentives.
- Faking an illness for incentives like money
States some diagnostic features of Münchausen.
- Pathological lying.
- Peregrination.
- Recurrent or simulated illness.
Describe the case study of Aleem and Ajiram.
- Case study of a 22-year-old female.
- Went to hospital for a possible immune deficiency.
- Was initially diagnosed with menstrual cycle issues at age 17 and was hospitalised again at age 22 due to painful swelling in her breasts.
- Physicians questioned the genuineness of her symptoms due to unexplained abscesses and bacteria growth.
- Psychiatrist diagnosed her with Münchausen syndrome and a nurse found a syringe full of fecal matter while patient was not in bed.
