patient management

Question 1

phases of wound healing

Answer 1

Phase of inflammation (2-3 days)
phase of profileration (3days-3weeks)
phase of remodelling (3wk - 2yrs)

Question 2

Granulation

Answer 2

eventually new epithelium will be able to grow across the defect

Question 3

W.B.P

Answer 3

Wound bed preparation

Question 4

purpose of W.B.P

Answer 4

identify and remove barriers to healing

focused on managing the wound healing processes of wound extudate, bioburden and devatilised tissue

Question 5

wound healing can be classified by

Answer 5

Tissue integrity
aetiology (how)
time since the trauma
degree of contamination
these will influence the choice made with regards to how a wound will be treated

Question 6

Tissue integrity

Answer 6

open wound

closed wound

Question 7

Aetiology

Answer 7

Abrasion/graze
avulsion/degloving
incision
laceration
puncture
burns

Question 8

Class 1 0-6 hour

Answer 8

minimal contamination

Question 9

class 2 6-12 hours

Answer 9

significant contamination

Question 10

class 3 12+ hours

Answer 10

gross contamination

Question 11

Factors affecting wound healing

Answer 11

vascular supply and haemostasis
dead space
systemic or physiological factors
healing method (1st 2nd 3rd intention wound heraling
surgical techinique
infection foreign material/necrotic tissue
mechanical stress

Question 12

primary healing (first intention)

Answer 12

clean incised wound or surgical wound
more epitelial regeneration then fibrosis
wound heals
rapidly with complete closure

Question 13

secondary healing ( second intention)

Answer 13

occurs in a wound with extensive soft tissue loss
heals slowly with fibrosis
it leads into a wide scar, often hypertrophed and contracted

Question 14

healing by third intention

Answer 14

these occur in wounds that are left open for debridement

after debridement and control of infection, wound is closed with sutures.

Question 15

primary closure

Answer 15

immediate closure

clean or clean contaminated wounds

Question 16

delayed primary closure

Answer 16

closure 2-3 days post trauma
allows elimination of exudate +/- contamination
identification of non viable tissues
clean contaminated or contaminated wounds

Question 17

Factors affecting wound closure decision

Answer 17

wound classification
timing of injury -/+ 6 hours
foreign body contamination
bacterial contamination
cause of injury
viability of tissues (blood supply)
availabilty of tissue
location of wound - potential of tension
cost

Question 18

common household poisons

Answer 18

Chocolate, panadol, rat posion, alcohol, grapes, pesticides, insecticides.

Question 19

Purpose of first aid

Answer 19

to help in an emergency situation And immediate treatment of injured animals.

Question 20

limitations of first aid

Answer 20

noone is allowed to practice veterinary surgery unless they are registered in the veterinary surgeons register

Question 21

arterial vs venous bleeding

Answer 21

arterial bleeding occurs in the arteries. (carries blood from heart to body) venous bleeding happens in the vein which carries blood back to heart

Question 22

first aid procedure for haemorrhage

Answer 22

stop the bleeding apply pressure with the palm of your hand to the wound until bleeding stops.

Question 23

Heatstroke

Answer 23

Apply or spray tepid cool water not cold onto their fur and skin. put animal into a cool shaded area.

Question 24

Road traffic accident

Answer 24

move animal to safety if you can, but make sure no broken bones first. check for bleeding or signs of wounds. keep warm with blankets. venitlation if having trouble breathing

Question 25

Class 1 emergencies

Answer 25

Catastrophic, life threatening. requires immediate attention, respiratory failure, heart failure,

Question 26

Class 2

Answer 26

Very severe, requires attention within minutes to an hour, multiple injuries, shock and bleeding

Question 27

class 3

Answer 27

Serious urgent, requires attention within a few hours,

Question 28

Class 4

Answer 28

less serious but still requires attention within 24 hours

Question 29

bandaging considerations

Answer 29

possibly keeping animal in clinic especially if the owner is not able to change regularly being older, if chews can use ecollar or pool noodle, or a baby onesie to keep it clean.

Question 30

layers of bandaging

Answer 30

absorbant pad, soft ban, compression bandage, vet wrap elastoplast

Question 31

layers of bandaging

Answer 31

absorbant pad, p soft ban, offers cushioning and protection to help with healing process, compression bandage, to help prevent swelling. vet wrap, elastoplast provide stability for dressings to stay in correct position

Question 32

idiopathic

Answer 32

unknown origin

Question 33

ascite

Answer 33

excess abdominal swelling

Question 34

jaundice

Answer 34

yellowing of mucous membranes (liver)

Question 35

Hyper/Hypothermia

Answer 35

temperature is too high, temp is too low

Question 36

Hyper/hypo tension

Answer 36

high or low blood pressure