Patient Evaluation

Question 1

Which drug group should you avoid in greyhounds? Why?

Answer 1

Thiopental .

Sleep time is longer , pharmacokinetics are different. Lack of fat.

Question 2

What is the condition equine-American Quarter Horse-tend to have that one should take into account during anesthesia?

Answer 2

Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HPPY)

Question 3

Which breeds are predisposed for cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

Boxer, Doberman pincher, giant breeds

Maine coon

Question 4

How does phenobarbital affect drug interactions?

Answer 4

It is a p450 inducer-increases metabolism of other drugs metabolized similarly

Question 5

What do you need to be careful about brachycephalic breeds?

Answer 5

Vigilant observation when sedated & after extubation

High vagal tone - predisposes to bradycardia
Elongated soft palate
Exerted saccule S
Obstructed nares
Prone to upper airway obstruction

Question 6

Which drugs do you need to avoid using high doses in herding breeds (collies) ? Why?

Answer 6

Anti diarrheal, anti cancer, ivermectin
Acepromazine, butorphanol
B/c they have MDR1 gene mutation
MDR1 gene -code for p-glycoproteins -a drug transport pump that limited drug absorption distribution /excretion -particularly from brain -> drug toxicity

Question 7

ASA status: no dz; usually elective; OHE, castration; dental prophy; uncomplicated skin mass, uncomplicated orthopedic repair (cruciate repair ) possibly

Answer 7

ASA I

Question 8

ASA status: mild system dz but well compensated or uncomplicated injury .

Give some examples

Answer 8

ASA 2

Heart murmur requiring no to; non-invasive skin tumor; dental dz requiring multiple extractions; uncomplicated orthopedic repair (cruciate repair, very simple fracture); uncomplicated cystotomy

Question 9

ASA status: no dz; usually elective; OHE, castration; dental prophy; uncomplicated skin mass, uncomplicated orthopedic repair (cruciate repair ) possibly

Answer 9

ASA I

Question 10

Moderate systemic dz requiring medical management but stable physically
E.g. Pre-existing renal insufficiency; cardiac dz; mild anemia; uncomplicated diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 10

ASA III

Question 11

Severe systemic dz that is a constant threat to life.

E.x. Symptomatic diaphragmatic hernia; gastric-dilatation vovulus or equine colic; septic abdomen

Answer 11

ASA IV

Question 12

A patient that is moribund; not expected to survive w/ or w/o sx, what is the ASA status?

Ex. Hemodynamic instability d/t massive infection; end-stage shock

Answer 12

ASA V

Question 13

Moderate systemic dz requiring medical management but stable physically
E.g. Pre-existing renal insufficiency; cardiac dz; mild anemia; uncomplicated diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 13

ASA III

Question 14

Severe systemic dz that is a constant threat to life.

E.x. Symptomatic diaphragmatic hernia; gastric-dilatation vovulus or equine colic; septic abdomen

Answer 14

ASA IV

Question 15

A patient that is moribund; not expected to survive w/ or w/o sx, what is the ASA status?

Ex. Hemodynamic instability d/t massive infection; end-stage shock

Answer 15

ASA V

Question 16

Animals that should not be fasted

Answer 16

Mice, rabbits, Guinea pigs, birds

Question 17

Why do you need to be careful with using sedatives in giant breeds? (Size matters)

Answer 17

Giant breeds have low metabolic rate –> profound response to sedatives (e.g. Acepromazine)