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Mammography > Patient Care & Education > Flashcards

Patient Care & Education Flashcards

1
Q

What is the approximate increased likelihood of developing breast cancer for the woman with a family history of breast cancer?

A. 5 times
B. 10 times
C. 20 times
D. 50 times

A

A. 5 times

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2
Q

According to the recommendations set for performing mammography for screening purposes, at what age should a baseline examination be performed?

A. between 23-30 years
B. between 35-40 years
C. after 40 years
D. after 50 years

A

B. between 35-40 years

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3
Q

When should a new baseline mammogram be obtained?

A. after menopause
B. ten years after the first baseline
C. following breast surgery or reconstruction
D. after any special imaging procedure

A

C. following breast surgery or reconstruction

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4
Q

According to the guidelines for mammography, how frequently should mammograms be performed between the ages of 40 and 50 (assuming a baseline examination has been performed)?

A. Every 1-2 years
B. Once a year
C. Twice a year
D. Four times a year

A

A. Every 1-2 years

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5
Q

After what age are annual mammograms recommended?

A. 35 years
B. 40 years
C. 45 years
D. 50 years

A

D. 50 years

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6
Q

Metastases from breast cancer will commonly spread to which of the following?

  1. lungs
  2. colon
  3. bone

A. 1 & 2
B. 2 & 3
C. 1 & 3
D. 1, 2, & 3

A

C. 1 & 3

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7
Q

A benign, movable mass composed of fibrous and glandular tissue and exhibiting a smooth border, which may be lobulated, is a desciption of

A. ductal carcinoma in situ
B. infiltrating ductal carcinoma
C. lipofibroadenoma
D. fibroadenoma

A

D. fibroadenoma

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8
Q

The natural incidence of breast cancer is

A. less than 5%
B. 8-10%
C. 12-15%
D. 15-20%

A

B. 8-10%

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9
Q

The data on radiation-induced breast cancer are derived from which of the following groups of women?

  1. Japanese survivors of atomic bombs
  2. Painters of radium watch dials
  3. Those treated for postpartum mastitis
  4. Those treated for tuberculosis via repeated chest fluoroscopies

A. 1,2, & 3
B. 2,3, & 4
C. 1,3, & 4
D. 1,2, & 4

A

C. 1,3, & 4

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10
Q

The accepted latency period between radiation exposure and development of breast cancer is about

A. 2 years
B. 5 years
C. 10 years
D. 15 years

A

C. 10 years

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11
Q

What is the increased risk of breast cancer from radiation exposure for the routine two-view mammogram?

A. 1%
B. 3%
C. 5%
D. 8%

A

A. 1%

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12
Q

Which combination of procedures is most effective for early detection of breast cancer?

  1. breast self-examination
  2. physical examination
  3. mammography

A. 1 & 2
B. 2 & 3
C. 1 & 3
D. 1, 2, & 3

A

D. 1, 2, & 3

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13
Q

For the 2-view mammogram on an average patient, the maximum average glandular dose should no exceed

A. 0.1 rad (cGy)
B. 0.5 rad (cGy)
C. 1.0 rad (cGy)
D. 1.5 rad (cGy)

A

C. 1.0 rad (cGy)

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14
Q

When should breast self-examination be performed?

A. at the end of the menstrual cycle
B. at the beginning of the menstrual cycle
C. three days following onset of the menstrual cycle
D. anytime during the menstrual cycle

A

A. at the end of the menstrual cycle

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15
Q

The most common type of benign breast diseases are:

A. mastitis and papilloma
B. fibroadenoma and cysts
C. comedomastitis and abscesses
D. eczema and bilateral cancers

A

B. fibroadenoma and cysts

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16
Q

The most common site for cancer development in the female patient is the:

A. cervix
B. ovary
C. breast
D. colon

A

C. breast

17
Q

Which of the following is a true statement concerning risk factors and the development of breast cancer?

A. 10% of breast cancers appear in low risk women
B. women with 2 or more risk factors account for 80% of the breast cancers
C. a single risk factor increases the risk by about 30% over the baseline risk
D. 75% of breast cancers appear in low risk women

A

D. 75% of breast cancers appear in low risk women

18
Q

At the present time, the five year survival rate in a woman with a cancer with no nodal involvement is approximately:

A. 85%
B. 60%
C. 45%
D. 30%

A

A. 85%

19
Q

The majority of breast cancers originate from the:

  1. ductal epithelium
  2. vascular linings
  3. lymphatic tissues

A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. 1, 2, & 3

A

A. 1 only

20
Q

Which of the following questions may prove beneficial prior to the interpretation of a mammogram?

  1. prior breast surgery
  2. age of menarche
  3. previous pregnancies

A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. 1, 2, & 3

A

D. 1, 2, & 3

21
Q

A breast cancer that develops from the cells of the breast lobules is commonly referred to as:

A. infiltrating ductal carcinoma
B. medullary lymphocytic carcinoma
C. lobular carcinoma
D. multifoci carcinoma

A

C. lobular carcinoma

22
Q

The greatest relative risk factor associated with a family history of breast cancer occurs with:

A. postmenopausal unilateral disease
B. premenopausal unilateral disease
C. postmenopausal bilateral disease
D. premenopausal bilateral disease

A

D. premenopausal bilateral disease

23
Q

The finding of an inverted nipple is rarely clinicallly significant when:

A. it has occurred recently
B. it is found in a young woman
C. it is know to be congenital
D. it is found in an older woman

A

C. it is known to be congenital

24
Q

The first step in a breast self-examination should be performed:

  1. after a bath or shower
  2. just prior to menstruation
  3. in the prone position

A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. 1, 2, & 3

A

A. 1 only

25
Q

The ability to find anomalies which may prove to be malignant or benign is called:

A. diagnosis
B. therapeutic
C. prognosis
D. screening

A

A. diagnosis

26
Q

Which of the following dietary substances appears to be most related to the incidence of breast cancer?

A. protein
B. fats
C. cholesterol
D. carbohydrates

A

B. fats

27
Q

A breast cancer that has caused characteristic changes of the tumor in the axillary lymph nodes is characterized as a:

A. local
B. regional
C. distant
D. in-situ

A

B. regional

28
Q

A major risk factor for a breast carcinoma is a previous:

  1. ovarian cancer
  2. breast cancer
  3. endometrial cancer

A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. 1, 2, & 3

A

D. 1, 2, & 3

29
Q

A baseline mammogram should be performed prior to the age of 40 on a woman if there is a:

  1. family history of breast cancer
  2. symptom of breast disease present
  3. history of early pregnancies

A. 1 & 2
B. 1 & 3
C. 2 & 3
D. 1, 2, & 3

A

A. 1 & 2

30
Q

Which of the following in NOT an accurate statement concerning breast cancer?

A. Breast cancer develops in about one out of every ten women
B. Early detection tends to lower the death rate
C. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in young women
D. Mammographic screening is highly beneficial

A

C. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in young women

31
Q

A common sign or symptom associated with both benign and malignant breast disease is:

A. a mediastinal shift
B. dysmenorrhea
C. axillary node enlargement
D. muscle weakness weakness in the arm

A

C. axillary node enlargement

32
Q

The most common breast disease in females under the age of 35 is:

A. fibrocystic disease
B. fibroadenoma
C. mastitis
D. breast carcinoma

A

A. fibrocystic disease

33
Q

At the present time, which screening method is least likely to detect breast disease?

A. self breast examination
B. clinical breast examination
C. mammographic examination
D. ultrasonic breast examination

A

D. ultrasonic breast examination

34
Q

The death rate for women with breast cancer is approximately ________ percent of the incident rate:

A. 25-30
B. 50-55
C. 60-65
D. 85-90

A

A. 25-30

35
Q

An eleven-year-old child has an asymmetric lump detected beneath the right breast. The prudent course of action is a:

A. full physical exam with a biopsy
B. full physical exam and mammography
C. mammography, biopsy, and laboratory test
D. none of the above

A

D. none of the above

Mammography (13 decks)

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