Pathways and disruption

Question 1

Russias role prior to war

Answer 1

2nd largest gas supplier (17%)
45% of europes gas
2/3 ukraines gas

Question 2

Impacts of R-U war

Answer 2

Typical energy bill in UK was 50% higher this winter than last
UK gove backtracked on supporting vulnerable homes
failed to contract new offshore windfarms (wouldve powered 8 million homes)

Question 3

Venezuela

Answer 3

largest proved oil reserves (17%)
only produced 0.8% in 23
exports decreased by 80% since 2000
petrostate
plunge of oil price in 2016 from $100 to $30 caused economic and political spiral
2/3 of gov budget
international sanctions

Question 4

Disruption of pathwyas

Answer 4

Piracy
natural disasters
climate change
payment disputes
conflict

Question 5

piracy

Answer 5

regular reports of piracy of somali coast in 2012
compels ships to divert adding cost and 3-4 weeks to journey times
Dec 23 more than 100 ships diverted from suez due to houthi rebels

Question 6

natural disasters

Answer 6

hurricane katrina
destoyes 47 platforms and four drilling rigs
gulf oil production declined by 95%
price of oil increased to $70 per barrel

Question 7

Climate change

Answer 7

thawing permafrost
810 foot section of trans alaskan pipeline at risk
20 million gallons of oil flow per day

Question 8

payment disputes

Answer 8

2016 russia cut of ukraines gas supply after they quadrupled price and ukraine refused to pay
ukraine threatened legal action

Question 9

Conflict

Answer 9

20% of oil flows through Hormuz straight
vulnerable to Iranian anti-ship misslies

Question 10

What % of world trade flows through Suez?

Answer 10

12%