Alternative energies

Question 1

unconventional fossil fuels

Answer 1

Tar sands
Deep water Oil
Oil shale
Shale gas

Question 2

Tar sands

Answer 2

Canada
injecting steam into the ground to melt bitumen
contributes 3x as many GHG as conventional FF
150,000 jobs
over $1trillion on tax
energy and water insensitive, leakages
Oil industry contributed $18bn to damages of communities
160bn barrels exist

Question 3

deep water oil

Answer 3

creating holes in earths crust for extraction under the sea
vulnerable to extreme weather events, hurricanes
long distances to shore
deepwater horizon disaster, 11 killed, 2000km of the gulf coast covered in oil
BP atlantis platform, 15 years estimated life
Brazil- ships cost $12bn each, diversifying supply in case of drought (HEP fails)

Question 4

Oil shale

Answer 4

Liberating world from instability of Middle east
eastern supply
Water insensitive, 2 barrels of water for every oil barrel
expensive

Question 5

Shale Gas

Answer 5

forcing water and chemicals into raock, splitting for gas
Carbon footprint is half of coals
many sites needed
land subsidence, temors, water contamination
in 2015 overtook coal as main electricity producer in US
1-16% of wells will spill each year

Question 6

Alternatives to FF

Answer 6

nuclear
wind
solar
biofuels

Question 7

Wind

Answer 7

Uk expected to deliver 50GW of offshor wind by 2030
need 2600 more turbines

Question 8

Solar

Answer 8

Germany heavily invested, produce 25,000 GW (green party)
UK 5%, gov plans to increase fivefold by 2035

Question 9

Nuclear

Answer 9

efficient, high cots
Hinkley point, £18bn project providing energy for 60 years
hope to provide 25% of energy by 2050

Question 10

Biofuels

Answer 10

ethanol from sugar cane
1.3mil jobs, electricity produced with waste
land use change can impact CC
Brazil
industry struggled to compete when gov removed FF tax

Question 11

Radical Tech

Answer 11

Carbon Capture
Hydrogen Fuel cells
electric vehicles

Question 12

Carbon capture

Answer 12

Captured CO2 can be used in polymer manurfacturing
expensive
possibility of natural disasters
£20bn investment
projexts in NW NE and wales

Question 13

Hydrogen fuel cells

Answer 13

only waste is H2O
lack of infrastucture to supoport distribution
enrgy required to gert H alone
more effiecient than petrol or deisel

Question 14

Electric vehicles

Answer 14

Urban environments, pollution reduced
few charging points in rural regions
no road tax
estimates that by 2025 EV will cost same as petrol or deisel