Paths of Knowledge 1 Flashcards
Language of origin of the word epistemology
Greek
Person who explains that epistemology is the philosophical and scientific discipline that considers knowledge as the object of study
Julio Herminio Pimienta Prieto
Epistemology according to Julio Herminio Pimienta Prieto
Philosophical and scientific discipline that considers knowledge as the object of study
Origin of the word epistemology
Greek - Episteme (Knowledge) + Logos (Reason)
Affirmation fom Edgar Morín
Epistemology is the knowledge of knowledge
Person who affirms that epistemology is the knowledge of knowledge
Edgar Morín
Person who says that epistemology is a branch of philosophy that studies scientific research and its results. Also says that epistemology is not above or below science, and instead enriches it.
Mario Bunge
Epistemology according to Mario Bunge
Branch of philosophy that studies scientific research and its results. Also says that epistemology is not above or below science, and instead enriches it.
Reasons why philosophy is useful to science
a) It concerns science itself
b) Deals with philosophical problems tjat arrise durinf experimentation
c) It proposes satisfactory solutions to research
d) It distinguishes science from pseudoscience
e) Criticizes errors and suggests new approaches
Fundamental elements of knowledge
Knowing subject (person)
Object of study (reality)
Relationship between these two (knowledge)
Empiricism
Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from experience
Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from experience
Empiricism
Rationalism
Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from reason and human thought
Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from reason and human thought
Rationalism
Rationalist thinkers
Rene Descartes and Blase Pascal
Rene Descartes and Blase Pascal are
Rationalist thinkers
Empiricist thinkers
John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume, Isaac Newton
John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume and Isaac Newton are
Empiricist thinkers
Deduction
Reasoning where a statement or general approach is established, to study its parts and then explain how they relate
Reasoning where a statement or general approach is established, to study its parts and then explain how they relate
Deduction
Person who said that everything that helps the rationality of subjects is the foundation of any knowledge
Rene Descartes
Person that said that real knowledge is based on doubt, and can only be deduced from other evident truths
Rene Descartes
Person who established 4 rules for rational thinking
Rene Descartes
4 rules that Rene Descartes established for any rational thinking method
Rule of evidence, analysis rule, rule of synthesis, rule of enumeration
Rule of evidence
Rule which says to only accept clear and distinct ideas
Rule which says to only accept clear and distinct ideas
Rule of evidence
Analysis Rule
Rule which says that all problems should be divided into as many parts as necessary
Rule which says that all problems should be divided into as many parts as necessary
Analysis Rule
Rule of synthesis
Rule which says that you should sort thought from simplest to the most complex through deduction
Rule which says that you should sort thought from simplest to the most complex through deduction
Rule of synthesis
Rule of enumeration
The rule of evidence, analysis rule and rule of synthesis should be reviewed
Rule which says that rule of evidence, analysis rule and rule of synthesis should be reviewed
Rule of enumeration
Person who came up with reasons of the heart
Blaise Pascal
Person who proposed knowledge of intuition
Blaise Pascal
Knowledge of intuition
Intellectual reasoning that comes from within a human
Intellectual reasoning that comes from within a human proposed by Blaise Pascal
Knowledge of intuition
Person who affirmed that everything that we think and know is the result of our experience.
John Locke
Person who said that reason by itself is empty and any idea must come from experience or must be linked to it to be reliable.
John Locke
Person who said that at birth, the human mind is like a blank sheet that while living is printed on with our experiences
John Locke
Empiricism extremist
George Berkeley
Person who denied that anything existed if it is not possible for the individual to have an experience of it
George Berkeley
Person who is the current symbol of empiricism
David Hume
Person who tried to show that reason is not enough to know, and that the experience we have of the world is limited
David Hume
Person who proposed skepticism
David Hume
Person who stated that experience is particular and does not accout for all reality, but only a part of it
David Hume
Skepticism
Attitude that doubts whether something is true or useful
Attitude that doubts whether something is true or useful
Skepticism
Person who used empirical experimentation to obtain universal laws
Isaac Newton
Person who said that reality exists in itself, and does not need us to perceive it
Isaac Newton
Concepts that have survived to this day based on empiricist and rationalist foundations
Empirical knowledge and analytical knowledge
Methaphor from Francis Bacon
It is not about spiders or ants, but about bees.
Dogma
Proposition held to be true and as an undeniable principle
Proposition held to be true and as an undeniable principle
Dogma
Animal that Bacon compares rationalists to
Spiders
Bacon compares these thinkers to spiders
Rationalists
Animal that Bacon compares empiricists to
Ants
Bacon compares these thinkers to ants
Empiricists
Person who agreed with Bacon and added that knowledge is only possible through the interaction between experience and reason.
Immanuel Kant
Person who postulated materialism
Karl Marx
Materialism
Says that reality is mental and material. Knowledge is obtained through reason and experience when analyzing the changes. Discovering laws that govern reality is only possible through reasoning.
Says that reality is mental and material. Knowledge is obtained through reason and experience when analyzing the changes. Discovering laws that govern reality is only possible through reasoning.
Materialism
