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Prepa 7 - Semestre 1 > Paths of Knowledge 1 > Flashcards

Paths of Knowledge 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Language of origin of the word epistemology

A

Greek

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2
Q

Person who explains that epistemology is the philosophical and scientific discipline that considers knowledge as the object of study

A

Julio Herminio Pimienta Prieto

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3
Q

Epistemology according to Julio Herminio Pimienta Prieto

A

Philosophical and scientific discipline that considers knowledge as the object of study

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4
Q

Origin of the word epistemology

A

Greek - Episteme (Knowledge) + Logos (Reason)

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5
Q

Affirmation fom Edgar Morín

A

Epistemology is the knowledge of knowledge

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6
Q

Person who affirms that epistemology is the knowledge of knowledge

A

Edgar Morín

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7
Q

Person who says that epistemology is a branch of philosophy that studies scientific research and its results. Also says that epistemology is not above or below science, and instead enriches it.

A

Mario Bunge

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8
Q

Epistemology according to Mario Bunge

A

Branch of philosophy that studies scientific research and its results. Also says that epistemology is not above or below science, and instead enriches it.

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9
Q

Reasons why philosophy is useful to science

A

a) It concerns science itself
b) Deals with philosophical problems tjat arrise durinf experimentation
c) It proposes satisfactory solutions to research
d) It distinguishes science from pseudoscience
e) Criticizes errors and suggests new approaches

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10
Q

Fundamental elements of knowledge

A

Knowing subject (person)
Object of study (reality)
Relationship between these two (knowledge)

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11
Q

Empiricism

A

Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from experience

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12
Q

Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from experience

A

Empiricism

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13
Q

Rationalism

A

Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from reason and human thought

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14
Q

Conept of knowledge where knowledge comes from reason and human thought

A

Rationalism

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15
Q

Rationalist thinkers

A

Rene Descartes and Blase Pascal

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16
Q

Rene Descartes and Blase Pascal are

A

Rationalist thinkers

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17
Q

Empiricist thinkers

A

John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume, Isaac Newton

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18
Q

John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume and Isaac Newton are

A

Empiricist thinkers

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19
Q

Deduction

A

Reasoning where a statement or general approach is established, to study its parts and then explain how they relate

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20
Q

Reasoning where a statement or general approach is established, to study its parts and then explain how they relate

A

Deduction

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21
Q

Person who said that everything that helps the rationality of subjects is the foundation of any knowledge

A

Rene Descartes

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22
Q

Person that said that real knowledge is based on doubt, and can only be deduced from other evident truths

A

Rene Descartes

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23
Q

Person who established 4 rules for rational thinking

A

Rene Descartes

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24
Q

4 rules that Rene Descartes established for any rational thinking method

A

Rule of evidence, analysis rule, rule of synthesis, rule of enumeration

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25
Q

Rule of evidence

A

Rule which says to only accept clear and distinct ideas

26
Q

Rule which says to only accept clear and distinct ideas

A

Rule of evidence

27
Q

Analysis Rule

A

Rule which says that all problems should be divided into as many parts as necessary

28
Q

Rule which says that all problems should be divided into as many parts as necessary

A

Analysis Rule

29
Q

Rule of synthesis

A

Rule which says that you should sort thought from simplest to the most complex through deduction

30
Q

Rule which says that you should sort thought from simplest to the most complex through deduction

A

Rule of synthesis

31
Q

Rule of enumeration

A

The rule of evidence, analysis rule and rule of synthesis should be reviewed

32
Q

Rule which says that rule of evidence, analysis rule and rule of synthesis should be reviewed

A

Rule of enumeration

33
Q

Person who came up with reasons of the heart

A

Blaise Pascal

34
Q

Person who proposed knowledge of intuition

A

Blaise Pascal

35
Q

Knowledge of intuition

A

Intellectual reasoning that comes from within a human

36
Q

Intellectual reasoning that comes from within a human proposed by Blaise Pascal

A

Knowledge of intuition

37
Q

Person who affirmed that everything that we think and know is the result of our experience.

A

John Locke

38
Q

Person who said that reason by itself is empty and any idea must come from experience or must be linked to it to be reliable.

A

John Locke

39
Q

Person who said that at birth, the human mind is like a blank sheet that while living is printed on with our experiences

A

John Locke

40
Q

Empiricism extremist

A

George Berkeley

41
Q

Person who denied that anything existed if it is not possible for the individual to have an experience of it

A

George Berkeley

42
Q

Person who is the current symbol of empiricism

A

David Hume

43
Q

Person who tried to show that reason is not enough to know, and that the experience we have of the world is limited

A

David Hume

44
Q

Person who proposed skepticism

A

David Hume

45
Q

Person who stated that experience is particular and does not accout for all reality, but only a part of it

A

David Hume

46
Q

Skepticism

A

Attitude that doubts whether something is true or useful

47
Q

Attitude that doubts whether something is true or useful

A

Skepticism

48
Q

Person who used empirical experimentation to obtain universal laws

A

Isaac Newton

49
Q

Person who said that reality exists in itself, and does not need us to perceive it

A

Isaac Newton

50
Q

Concepts that have survived to this day based on empiricist and rationalist foundations

A

Empirical knowledge and analytical knowledge

51
Q

Methaphor from Francis Bacon

A

It is not about spiders or ants, but about bees.

52
Q

Dogma

A

Proposition held to be true and as an undeniable principle

53
Q

Proposition held to be true and as an undeniable principle

A

Dogma

54
Q

Animal that Bacon compares rationalists to

A

Spiders

55
Q

Bacon compares these thinkers to spiders

A

Rationalists

56
Q

Animal that Bacon compares empiricists to

A

Ants

57
Q

Bacon compares these thinkers to ants

A

Empiricists

58
Q

Person who agreed with Bacon and added that knowledge is only possible through the interaction between experience and reason.

A

Immanuel Kant

59
Q

Person who postulated materialism

A

Karl Marx

60
Q

Materialism

A

Says that reality is mental and material. Knowledge is obtained through reason and experience when analyzing the changes. Discovering laws that govern reality is only possible through reasoning.

61
Q

Says that reality is mental and material. Knowledge is obtained through reason and experience when analyzing the changes. Discovering laws that govern reality is only possible through reasoning.

A

Materialism

Prepa 7 - Semestre 1 (7 decks)

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