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PharmD Program Semester 2 > Pathophysiology General Principles > Flashcards

Pathophysiology General Principles Flashcards

1
Q

Disease

A

Specific pathological problem

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2
Q

Etiology

A

Cause of disease

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3
Q

Symptom

A

Polyuria, thirsty, etc

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4
Q

Sign

A

Hyperglycemia, glucosuria

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5
Q

Syndrome

A

Metabolic syndrome, hypertension, obesity, etc

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6
Q

Complications vs sequelae

A

Complications are not the normal course of the disease

Sequelae are associated with the disease

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7
Q

Pathogenesis

A

Sequence of events leading to disease

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8
Q

Prognosis

A

Predicting outcomes of sickness

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9
Q

Prevalence vs incidence

A

Prevalence: Number of new cases at one point in time

Incidence: Total number of cases over a longer time period

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10
Q

Mortality and morbidity

A

Mortality: High rate of death

Morbidity: Lower the quality of life after

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10
Q

Acute vs chronic

A

Acute: Abrupt onset, short term

Chronic: Long time sickness or disease

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11
Q

Cellular Injury Examples

A

Hypoxia/ischemia

Physical factors: Trauma

Mechanical injury: Temperature extreme and electrical

Chemical poisons: Iatrogenic, acute, chronic

Infectious/biological disease: Bacterial/viral/parasitic infection

Radiation: Accidental, therapeutic

Nutritional disorders: Deficiencies or excessive

Immunologic disorders: Deficiencies or excessive

Genetic derangement: Minor catastrophic

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12
Q

Cellular death/dying examples

A

Apoptosis: Tightly regulated, programmed death

Comprised of spent, excessive, genetically damaged, and improperly developed cells

No inflammatory response

Necrosis: Unregulated, enzymatic digestion of the cell

Loss of cell membrane, uncontrolled release of cell contents, Initiation of inflammatory response, and gangrene

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13
Q

Cellular neoplastic transformation

A
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14
Q

Cellular adaptation examples

A

Cell reaction to prevent/minimize injury

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15
Q

Cellular aging

16
Q

Cell atrophy

A

Decreased cell size

17
Q

Cell hypertrophy

A

Increased cell size

Physiology: Exercise
Pathological: LVH secondary to HTN

18
Q

Cell hyperplasia

A

Increased number of cells

Physiological: Wound healing
Pathological: Warts, BPH

19
Q

Metaplasia

A

One cell type replaced with another type

Adaptive: GERD

20
Q

Dysplasia

A

Deranged cell growth with differing size, shape, and appearance

Pathological: May be precursor to cancer

21
Q

Anatomic site vocab

A

Pneumo: Lungs

Gastro: Stomach

Entero: Intestines

Hepato: Liver

Nephro: Kidney

Uro: Urinary tract

Derma: Skin

Oto: Ear

Opto: Eye

Oro: Mouth

PharmD Program Semester 2 (14 decks)

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