Pathophysiology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most important counter regulatory hormones in the pathophysiology of hypoglycemia?

A

Epinephrine and glucagon

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2
Q

During a hypoglycemic event, a patient can experience neurogenic and/or neuroglycopenic symptoms. What is the difference?

A

Neurogenic symptoms are caused by the autonomic nervous systems response to a decrease in glucose.

Neuroglycopenic symptoms are caused by glucose deprivation in the brain.

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3
Q

List some examples of neurogenic symptoms of hypoglycemia

A

Shakiness, trembling, anxiety, nervousness, palpitations, clamminess, sweating, dry mouth, hunger, pallor, pupil dilation

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4
Q

List some examples of neuroglycopenic symptoms of hypoglycemia

A

Abnormal mentation, irritability, confusion, difficulty concentrating/thinking, difficulty speaking, ataxia, paresthesias, headaches, stupor, seizures, coma, a death if untreated

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5
Q

The three main factors causing hypoglycemia are related to ___

A

Diet, activity levels, and medications
Diet: skipping meals/poor intake
Activity: increase w/o increased eating or medication adjustment
Medications: wrong dose, timing

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