Pathoma congenitas Teratology, transpos, TA, tricuspid, coarct 12/04

Question 1

4Fallot. Characterized by? 4.

Answer 1

1. Stenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract.
2. right ventricular hyperthrophy
3. VSD
4. aorta that overrides the VSD

Question 2

4Fallot.
1…………..
2. right ventricular hyperthrophy
3. VSD
4. aorta that overrides the VSD

Answer 2

1. Stenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract.

Question 3

4Fallot.
1. Stenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract.
2…………
3. VSD
4. aorta that overrides the VSD

Answer 3

2. right ventricular hyperthrophy

Question 4

4Fallot.
1. Stenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract.
2. right ventricular hyperthrophy
3…………
4. aorta that overrides the VSD

Answer 4

3. VSD

Question 5

4Fallot.
1. Stenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract.
2. right ventricular hyperthrophy
3. VSD
4. …………

Answer 5

4. aorta that overrides the VSD

Question 6

4 fallot. Shunt? leads to what?

Answer 6

right to left shunt leads to early cyanosis

Question 7

4fallot. What determines extent of shunting and cyanosis?

Answer 7

degree of stenosis.

Question 8

4fallot. degree of stenosis determines what?

Answer 8

extent of shunting and cyanosis

Question 9

4fallot. what patients does in responce to cyanosis?

Answer 9

Patients learn to squat in response to cyanotic spell.

Question 10

4fallot. squating mechanism?

Answer 10

increased arterial resistance decrease shunting and allows more blood to reach the lungs.

Question 11

increased arterial resistance decrease shunting and allows more blood to reach the lungs?

Answer 11

4 fallot. squating

Question 12

4 fallot. Heart on x-ray?

Answer 12

,,Boot-shaped”

Question 13

transposition. mechanism?

Answer 13

pulmonary artery arising from the left ventricle and aorta arising from left ventricle.

Question 14

pulmonary artery arising from the left ventricle and aorta arising from left ventricle.?

Answer 14

transposition

Question 15

transposition assoc with what?

Answer 15

maternal diabetes

Question 16

transposition. symptoms?

Answer 16

early cyanosis.

Question 17

transposition. circuits mix or not?

Answer 17

pulmonary and systemic circuits do not mix

Question 18

transposition. what is required to do?

Answer 18

creation of shunt (allowing blood to mix). need for survival

Question 19

transposition. what can be used to maintain PDA?

Answer 19

PGE – > maintain PDA until surgical rapair is performed.

Question 20

transposition. results in what?

Answer 20

hyperthrophy of the right ventricle and atrophy of the left ventricle

Question 21

hyperthrophy of the right ventricle and atrophy of the left ventricle?

Answer 21

transposition

Question 22

Truncus arteriosus (TA). mechanism?

Answer 22

single large vessel arising from both ventricles

Question 23

single large vessel arising from both ventricles?

Answer 23

Truncus arteriosus (TA).

Question 24

Truncus arteriosus (TA). symptoms?

Answer 24

early cyanosis

Question 25

Truncus arteriosus (TA). why early cyanosis?

Answer 25

deoxygenated blood from right ventricle mixes with oxygenated blood from left ventricle before pulmonary and aortic circulations separate.

Question 26

deoxygenated blood from right ventricle mixes with oxygenated blood from left ventricle before pulmonary and aortic circulations separate.

Answer 26

Truncus arteriosus (TA).

Question 27

Tricuspid atresia. mechanism?

Answer 27

tricuspid valve orifice fails to develop. right ventricle is hypoplastic.

Question 28

tricuspid valve orifice fails to develop. right ventricle is hypoplastic.?

Answer 28

Tricuspid atresia.

Question 29

Tricuspid atresia. assoc with what?

Answer 29

ASD, resulting in a right-to-left shunt; presents with earlyu cyanosis.

Question 30

Coarctation of aorta. mechanism?

Answer 30

narrowing of the aorta.

Question 31

Coarctation of aorta. 2 forms?

Answer 31

infantile and adult

Question 32

Coarctation of aorta. infantile form asscow with what?

Answer 32

PDA.

Question 33

Coarctation of aorta. in infantile where lies coarctation?

Answer 33

coarctation lies after (distal to) the aortic arch, but before (proximal to) the PDA.

Question 34

Coarctation of aorta. infantile. symptoms?

Answer 34

lower extremity cyanosis in infants, often after birth

Question 35

Coarctation of aorta. infantile. assoc with what?

Answer 35

turner syndrome

Question 36

turner syndrome?

Answer 36

Coarctation of aorta.

Question 37

Coarctation of aorta. adult. where lies coarctation?

Answer 37

lies after (distal to) the aortic arch

Question 38

lies after (distal to) the aortic arch?

Answer 38

Coarctation of aorta. adult.

Question 39

Coarctation of aorta. adult. symptoms?

Answer 39

presents as hypertension in the upper extremities and hypotension with weak pulses in the lower extremities

Question 40

presents as hypertension in the upper extremities and hypotension with weak pulses in the lower extremities?

Answer 40

Coarctation of aorta. adult.

Question 41

Coarctation of aorta. adult. collateration?

Answer 41

collateral circulation develops across the intercostal arteries. engorged arteries cause ,,nothcing" of ribs on x-ray

Question 42

Coarctation of aorta. adult. assoc with what?

Answer 42

bicuspid aortic valve

Question 43

bicuspid aortic valve?

Answer 43

Coarctation of aorta. adult.