Pathoma-Chap 9 (Respiratory

Question 1

Rhinitis is most commonly 2/2 which infection?

Answer 1

adenovirus

Question 2

what is the classical presentation of rhinitis?

Answer 2

sneezing congestion runny nose (common cold)

Question 3

allergic rhinitis is due to what type of hypersensitivity rxn?

Answer 3

type 1

• associated with asthma & ecezma
• characterized by inflammatory infiltrate with eosinophils

Question 4

type 1 hypersensitivity is characterized by what?

Answer 4

immediate, IgE mediated response (anaphylaxis response)

Question 5

Chinese male presents with enlarged cervical lymph nodes and biopsy reveals pleomorphic keratin + cells–what does this patient have?

Answer 5

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Question 6

what patients are at risk for developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

what virus is associated with the disease?

Answer 6

chinese adults and african children

EBV

Question 7

if you see nasal polyps in children what disease must you screen for right away?

Answer 7

cystic fibrosis

Question 8

if you see nasal polyps in adults what are your next 2 questions going to be?

Answer 8

• do you have asthma
• do you have sensitivity to aspirin
• 10% of asthmatics have aspirin intolerant asthma

Question 9

if you see an adolescent male present with profuse epistaxis what should you be concerned for?

Answer 9

-angiofibroma–benign tumor composed of large blood vessels and fibrous tissue

Question 10

what is the most common cause of acute epiglottitis?

classical characteristics?

Answer 10

-high fever, sore throat, drooling w/ dysphagia, muffled voice, inspiratory stridor, concern for airway obstruction

H. Influenzae type b in both immunized and nonimmunized children

Question 11

what is the most common cause of CROUP?

classical characterisitics

Answer 11

laryngotracheobronchitis

• hoarse, barking cough with inspiratory stridor
• parainfluenza virus

Question 12

how do vocal cord nodules differ from laryngeal papilloma?

Answer 12

vocal cord nodules–2/2 to excessive use bilateral (singers)

• papilloma 2/2 to HPV 6 OR 8–single in adults/ multiple in children
• papilloma can progress onto laryngeal carcinoma (rarely)

Question 13

what are the characteristics of laryngeal carcinoma?

Answer 13

squamous cell carincoma

• RF:alcohol, tobacco, laryngeal papilloma
• presentation: hoarsness, cough, stridor