Micro

Question 0

Downy cells

Answer 0

seen in EBV pts

• EBV infects B cells, atypical lymphocytes on smear (Tc responding to infxn)
• basophilic w/ foamy cytoplasm

Question 1

Owl eye inclusions

Answer 1

CMV infection- infects mononuclear cells
can cause pneumonia in transplant pts and can cause esophagitis ( fluconazole non improved pts) OR retinitis ( blindness in days) both in AIDS pts

Question 2

spindle cells–what type of herpes

Answer 2

kaposi sarcoma

• infects endothelial cells
• vascular tumors
• GI/lungs too
• sexually transmitted
• higher rates in immunocompromised (transplant, HIV/AIDS, MsM)
  tx: HAART

Question 3

heterophile test

Answer 3

EBV
aggultination of sheep and horse rbcs

monospot test

heterophile - mono: CMV OR acute HIV

Question 4

pharyngitis tx w/ amoxcilling–>full body rash after 1st dose

Answer 4

aminopencillin

NOT ALLERGY

Question 5

foscarnet

Answer 5

2nd line tx for A resistant HSV OR G resistant CMV retinitis in immunocompromised

• more toxic, pyrophosphate analog (does not need to be in infected cell to be activated)
• can lead to nephrotoxicity, anemia

Question 6

Gancylvoir SE

Answer 6

nephrotoxicity, BM suppression

increase Cr, drop in CBC #’s

Question 7

Tznack test used for

Answer 7

HSV1,2, or VZV
looking for mulitnucleated giant cells in vesciles
-not sensitive OR specific

Question 8

Cowdry inclusions are seen in

Answer 8

cells infected with HSV1,2 OR VZV

Question 9

increased risk of Burkitts lymphoma, Hodgkins lymphoma, 1 CNS lymphoma in AIDs pts, nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Answer 9

EBV

Question 10

DNA viruses typical characteristics

Answer 10

• dsDNA (except parvoB19)
• linear (except papilloma, polymavirus [JC], hepadnaB [partially circular]
• icosahedral EXCEPT pox
• replicated in nucleus EXCEPT pox
• those that are enveloped derived from PM EXCEPT herpes

Question 11

hpv strains–
normal warts:
genital warts:
cancer:

Answer 11

1,2
6,11
16,18

Question 12

I went to a retro toga party where i drank flavored corona and ate hippy california pickles

Answer 12

retrovirus, toga virus, flavivirus, corona virus, hepe virus, calicvirus, picornavirus

+ssRNA viruses

Question 13

give PAPP smears and CPR to all hippes

Answer 13

naked viruses:
DNA viruses–PAPP–papilloma, polyma, adeno, pox
RNA viruses– calci, pico, reo, hepe

Question 14

diarrheal illness that spreads during winter months in daycares

Answer 14

REO virus:

• rotavirus
• dsRNA
• naked virus
• vomiting, diarrea–>electrolyte disturbances

Question 15

Colorado tick fever

Answer 15

REO virus

-coltivirus

Question 16

meningitis in the summer

Answer 16

echovirus (picornavirus family, enterovirus) w/ feco-oral spread

Question 17

can infect anterior horn of SC

Answer 17

west nile virus (1/150 who develop neurologic symptoms)

picorna–entero–polio

Question 18

common causes of the cold

Answer 18

corona, rhino

Question 19

Cruise ship gasteroenteritis

Answer 19

Norwalk (Calicivirus)

Question 20

bone break fever

Answer 20

Dengue
-torniquet test (low plt)
-retrooribtal pain
-sever muscle pain
\+ hemmorhagic fever (< 20%)

Question 21

ritonavir

Answer 21

Protease inhibitor

SE of drug class:

    - lipodystrophy (buffalo hump, central obesity)
    - increased TG, glu, lipids

avoid giving pts rifampin b/c it decreases the concentration of these drugs

drug specific SE:

• inhibits CYP450
• pancreatitis

Question 22

ataznavir

Answer 22

PI

• increases bilirubin–> jaundice
• also can cause nephrolithasis

Question 23

indinavir

MOA of drug

Answer 23

PI
neprothiasis

MOA–prevents maturation of viral progeny

Question 24

ZDV

Answer 24

NRTIs

• used at delivery and for neonate to decrease transmission
• SE: bone marrow suppression and megaloblastic anemia

Question 25

abacvair

MOA

Answer 25

NRTIs

MOA–CI of RT, requires P by Thymidine kinase in order to be active

SE:life threatening hypersen rxn

Question 26

didanosine

Answer 26

NRTI
SE
-pancreatitis
-hepatic steatosis

Question 27

stavudine

Answer 27

NRTI

hepatic steatosis

Question 28

EFavirenz, MOA

Answer 28

NNRT

• NC RT inhibitor, no p for activation required
• false + for MJ on tox, vivid dreams, worsening depression
• teratogen

Question 29

Raltegravir

Answer 29

integrase inhibitor

Question 30

enfuvirtide

Answer 30

inhibits gp41 (viral fusion protein)
preventing viruses from invading cells

Question 31

maraviroc

Answer 31

binds to gp120 receptor on CCR5

can only be given to pts with CCR5 ONLY tropism!!