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NBCE 1 > Pathology Word Associations > Flashcards

Pathology Word Associations Flashcards

1
Q

alpha-fetoprotein elevation in amniotic fluid

A

spina bifida

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2
Q

alpha-fetoprotein elevation in adult

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

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3
Q

amyloid deposits in the brain

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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4
Q

antibodies to acetylcholine

A

myasthenia gravis

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5
Q

antibodies to calcium influx pumps in NMJ

A

Lambert eaton syndrome

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6
Q

anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture disease

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7
Q

anti-IgG antibodies

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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8
Q

anti-nuclear antibodies

A

SLE

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9
Q

apical cavitations

A

Tuberculosis

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10
Q

anitschkow cells (Aschoff body)

A

rheumatic fever

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11
Q

apical lung tumor

A

pancoast tumor

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12
Q

ascending demyelinating polyneuropathy

A

Guillain-Barre SYNDROME

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13
Q

aschoff bodies

A

rheumatic fever

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14
Q

auer’s rods

A

acute myelogenous leukemia

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15
Q

basophilic stippling and blue gums

A

lead poisoning

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16
Q

BCR-abl oncogene

A

Chronis myelogenous loeukemia

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17
Q

bence jones proteins

A

multiple myeloma

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18
Q

berry aneurysms

A

adult polycystic disease of the kidney

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19
Q

bilateral adrenal hemorrage

A

waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome

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20
Q

bilateral exophthalmos

A

graves disease

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21
Q

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

A

sarcoidosis, tb, or lymphoma

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22
Q

bleedings gums

A

scurvy

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23
Q

blue sclera and broken bone

A

osteogensis imperfecta

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24
Q

brodies abcess

A

osteomyelitis

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25
Q

bouchard’s node

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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26
Q

BRCA-1/2 tumor marker

A

Breast cancer

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27
Q

bronze skin and diabetes mellitus and testicular atrophy

A

hemochromatosis

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28
Q

brown cysts in bone

A

hyperparathyroidism

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29
Q

buffalo hump and truncal obesity

A

cushing’s syndrome

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30
Q

bull’s eye rash

A

lyme disease

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31
Q

butterfly rash

A

systemic lupus erthematosus

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32
Q

CA-125

A

Ovarian cancer

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33
Q

Café au lait spots

A

Neurofibromastosis

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34
Q

calor, rubor, tumor, dolor, function laesa

A

acute inflammation

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35
Q

caput medusae

A

portal hypertension

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36
Q

carcinoembryonic antigen

A

colon cancer

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37
Q

caseous necrosis

A

tuberculosis

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38
Q

cerebellar tonsillar herniation

A

Arnold-chiari malformation type 2

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39
Q

cerebellar vermis herniation

A

Arnold-chiari malformation type 1

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40
Q

change from one cell type to another cell type

A

metaplasia

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41
Q

charcot-leyden crystals or curschmann’s spirals

A

asthma

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42
Q

chloride transport regulator defect

A

Cystic fibrosis

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43
Q

cherry red macula and mental retardation

A

tay-sachs disease

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44
Q

chocolate cysts in the pelvis

A

endometriosis

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45
Q

chorea due to decreased GABA

A

Huntington’s disease

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46
Q

clue cells

A

bacterial vaginosis

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47
Q

coagulative necrosis

A

myocardial infarction

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48
Q

cobblestone appearance of intestinal mucosa

A

crohn’s disease

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49
Q

codman’s triangle on x-ray

A

osteosarcoma

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50
Q

condylomata accuminata

A

HPV infection

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51
Q

condylomata lata

A

secondary syphilis

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52
Q

congenital aganglionosis of the colon

A

hirschsprung’s disease

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53
Q

Cullen or grey turner’s sign

A

acute pancreatitis

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54
Q

dark urine and dark cartilage

A

alkaptonuria

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55
Q

defective chromosome 5

A

cri du chat

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56
Q

disorderly non-neoplastic growth

A

dysplasia

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57
Q

disorderly disorganized neoplastic growth

A

anaplasia

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58
Q

downey cells

A

mononucleosis

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59
Q

dry eyes and dry mouth

A

sjogren’s syndrome

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60
Q

dystrophin defect

A

duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

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61
Q

eburnation

A

osteoarthritis

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62
Q

enzymatic necrosis

A

acute pancreatitis

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63
Q

erythema nodosum

A

sarcoidosis, tb or drug reaction

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64
Q

esophageal metaplasia

A

barrett esophagus

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65
Q

fatty necrosis

A

liver damage

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66
Q

fawn’s beard

A

spina bifida occulta

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67
Q

fibrillin defect

A

marfan’s syndrome

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68
Q

galactorrhea

A

prolactinoma

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69
Q

ghon’s focus and complex

A

primary tuberculosis

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70
Q

Guarneri bodies

A

smallpox

71
Q

gumma

A

tertiary syphilis

72
Q

gynecomastia in a tall thin male (XXY)

A

klinefelter’s syndrome

73
Q

herberden’s nodes

A

osteoarthritis of the fingers

74
Q

heliotrope eyelid discolouration and gottron’s papules

A

dermatomyositis

75
Q

heterophil antibodies

A

mononucleosis

76
Q

hirano’s bodies

A

Alzheimer’s disease

77
Q

HLA-B8

A

graves disease

78
Q

HLA-B27

A

Psoriatic arthritis, AS, IBD, Reiter’s

79
Q

HLE-DR3 or 4

A

DM type 1, RA, and SLE

80
Q

human mad cow disease

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

81
Q

Hunner’s ulcers in the bladder

A

interstitial cystitis

82
Q

Hutchinson’s notched central incisors

A

congenital syphilis

83
Q

hypercoagulability, venous stasis and vessel wall damage

A

Virchow’s triad

84
Q

hyperelasticity of skin and joiny capsule

A

ehlers-danlos syndrome

85
Q

hyperpigmented skin creases with fatigue

A

Addison’s disease

86
Q

immotile cilia with sinusitis, bronchiectasis and situs inversus

A

kartagener’s syndrome

87
Q

inappropriate ADH secretion

A

small cell lung cancer

88
Q

increased sized of tissue or organ

A

hypertrophy

89
Q

increased number of cells

A

hyperplasia

90
Q

indistinct philtrum

A

fetal alcohol syndrome

91
Q

kayser-fleisher rings

A

Wilson’s disease

92
Q

kimmelsteil-wilson nodular sclerosis

A

diabetic nephropathy

93
Q

koilonychias and dysphagia in a post-menopausal woman

A

plummer vinson syndrome

94
Q

langhan’s giant cells

A

tuberculosis

95
Q

large cyst in the posterior cranial fossa

A

Dandy Walker syndrome

96
Q

lewy bodies

A

Parkinson’s disease

97
Q

libman-sack’s endocarditis

A

systematic lupus erythematosus

98
Q

linear esophageal tear after retching

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

99
Q

lines of zahn

A

thrombus

100
Q

liquefactive necrosis

A

brain infarction

101
Q

liver and brain damage after aspirin ingestion

A

reye syndrome

102
Q

L-MYC oncogene

A

colon cancer

103
Q

loser’s zone (pseudo-fracture)

A

osteomalacia

104
Q

maccallum’s patch in left atrium

A

rheumatic fever

105
Q

macrocytic normochromic anemia

A

folic acid or vitamin b12 deficiency

106
Q

malignant plasma cells

A

multiple myeloma

107
Q

microcytic hypochromic anemia

A

iron deficiency anemia

108
Q

minimal change of the basement membrane

A

nephrotic syndrome

109
Q

most common cancer in men

A

prostate cancer

110
Q

most common cancer in women

A

breast cancer

111
Q

most common cause of oseomyelitis

A

staphyloccus aureus

112
Q

most common malignant bone tumor

A

Metastases

113
Q

most common benign brain tumor

A

meningioma

114
Q

most common kidney tumor in children

A

wilms tumor

115
Q

most common malignant brain tumor in adults

A

glioblastoma multiform

116
Q

most common malignant brain tumor in children

A

neuroblastoma

117
Q

most common primary bone cancer in adults

A

multiple myeloma

118
Q

most common primary bone cancer in teens

A

osteosarcoma

119
Q

most common skin cancer

A

basal cell carcinoma

120
Q

most malignant skin cancer

A

malignant melanoma

121
Q

M spike on serum electrophoresis

A

multiple myeloma

122
Q

multiple cysts in both kidney’s for adult

A

polycycstic disease of the kidney

123
Q

multiple cysts in one kidney in an infant

A

congenital polycystic disease of kidney

124
Q

multiple superficial ulcers in the colon

A

ulcerative colitis

125
Q

needle-shaped negatively birefringent crystals

A

gout (uric acid crystals)

126
Q

negri bodies

A

rabies

127
Q

neurofibrillary tangles

A

alzheimers disease

128
Q

N-MYC oncogene

A

Neuroblastoma

129
Q

non-caseous granulomas in the gut

A

crohn’s disease

130
Q

non-caseous granulomas in the lung

A

sarcoidosis

131
Q

nutmeg liver

A

congestive heart failure

132
Q

onion-skin periosteal reaction on x-ray

A

ewing’s sarcoma

133
Q

oral pigmentation and intestinal polyps

A

peutz-jegher syndrome

134
Q

osteophytes

A

osteoarthritis

135
Q

owl-eye appearance in a lung biopsy

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

136
Q

p16 oncogene

A

malignant melanoma

137
Q

pannus formation

A

rheumatoid arthritis

138
Q

paroxysms of hypertension, palpitations and perspiration

A

pheochromocytoma

139
Q

Philadelphia chromosome

A

chronic myelogenous leukemia

140
Q

pill-rolling tremor and decreased dopamine

A

Parkinson’s disease

141
Q

post coital bleeding

A

carcinoma of the cervix

142
Q

post-menopausal bleeding

A

endometrial cancer

143
Q

prostatic specific antigen

A

prostatic carcinoma

144
Q

pseudo-hypertrophy of calf muscles

A

duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

145
Q

pulmonary stenosis, VSD, over-riding aorta, RVH

A

Tetrology of Follot

146
Q

pulsatile midline abdominal mass

A

AAA

147
Q

rachitic rosary

A

vitamin D deficiency in children

148
Q

red and grey hepatisation in lung

A

pneumonia

149
Q

radiofemoral delay

A

coarctation of the aorta

150
Q

red blood cell casts in urine

A

glomerulonephritis

151
Q

recurrent peptic ulcer

A

zollinger-ellison syndrome

152
Q

rib notching on chest x-ray

A

coarctation of the aorta

153
Q

Reed Sternberg cells

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

154
Q

rokitansky-ashoff sinuses

A

cholecystitis

155
Q

scanning speech, intention tremor and nystagmus

A

multiple sclerosis

156
Q

sero-positive (rheumatoid factor) arthritis

A

RA and SLE

157
Q

soap-bubble appearance on x-ray

A

giant cell tumor

158
Q

spaghetti and meatballs appearance

A

malassezia furfur

159
Q

splenomegaly and eyethema nodosum

A

sarcoidosis

160
Q

splinter hemorages

A

subacute bacterial endocarditis

161
Q

starry sky appearance in lymph node

A

burkitt’s lymphoma

162
Q

stunted small intestinal villi due to gluten sensitivity

A

celiac disease

163
Q

subchondral sclerosis

A

osteoarthritis

164
Q

thymic and parathyroid aplasia

A

digeorge syndrome

165
Q

thyroglobulin antibodies

A

hashimoto’s disease

166
Q

trisomy 21

A

down syndrome

167
Q

vanilyl mandelic acid in the urine

A

pheochromocytoma

168
Q

Virchow’s triad-vessel damage, stasis, hypercoagulability

A

deep vein thrombosis

169
Q

vomiting blood after protracted vomiting and retching

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

170
Q

wallerian degeneration

A

nerve damage

171
Q

weight loss and troister’s sign

A

gastric carcinoma

172
Q

white blood cells case in urine

A

pyelonephritis

173
Q

XO chromosomal disease

A

Turner’s disease

174
Q

zenker’s degeneration

A

skeletal muscle damage

NBCE 1 (4 decks)

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