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NBCE 1 > Microbiology Word Associations > Flashcards

Microbiology Word Associations Flashcards

1
Q

no cell wall, no nucleus, no ribosome, DNA or RNA

A

Virus

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2
Q

Peptidoglycan wall, single chromosome, 70S ribosome

A

bacteria

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3
Q

chetin wall, ergosterol membrane, 80S ribosome, nucleus

A

Fungus

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4
Q

sterol membrane, no chitin wall 80S ribosome, nucleus

A

Parasite

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5
Q

ability to cause disease

A

pathogenicity

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6
Q

ability to cause serious disease

A

virulence

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7
Q

hospital acquired infection

A

nosocomial

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8
Q

part of the normal flora

A

commensal

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9
Q

ability of two dissimilar living together

A

symbiosis

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10
Q

both organisms need each other to function

A

synergism

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11
Q

lag, log, stationary and death

A

bacterial growth phases

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12
Q

phase of exponential growth

A

log phase

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13
Q

heat, irradiation, antimicrobial chemicals, antibiotics

A

factors which affect bacterial growth

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14
Q

Host, agent, and environment

A

disease triangle

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15
Q

all viruses are RNA except 7 HHHAPPPy ones which are

A

DNA

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16
Q

3 DNA viruses are enveloped

A

HepaDNA, Herpes and pox

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17
Q

3 DNA viruses are naked

A

papilloma, adeno, and polyoma

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18
Q

1 DNA virus is single stranded

A

Parvo B19

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19
Q

all RNA viruses are single stranded EXCEPT

A

rota virus of the REO virus family

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20
Q

all RNA single stranded viruses are + EXCEPT 6

A

6 Fabulous PROfessionals

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21
Q

Paramyxo, rhabdo, orthomyxo, filo, arena, bunya

A

negative sense RNA viruses

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22
Q

all hepatitis viruses are RNA except

A

hepatitis B (hepaDNA group)

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23
Q

all hepatitis viruses are spread by the orofecal route except

A

hepatitis B and C (sex and blood)

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24
Q

single stranded retro virus

A

human immune deficiency virus

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25
Q

all ARBO viruses are flavi EXCEPT

A

California encephalitis (Bunya virus)

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26
Q

Parotitis, pancreatitis and painful orchitis

A

paramyxovirus

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27
Q

common cold with runny nose and sore throat

A

corona virus

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28
Q

hand, foot, and mouth lesions

A

coxackie virus

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29
Q

bacteria without cell walls

A

mycoplasma

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30
Q

obligate intracellular parasites

A

chlamydia, rickettsiae, coxiella

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31
Q

flexible bacteria

A

borrelia, leptospira and treponema

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32
Q

gram stain resistant bacillus-ziehl nelson staining

A

mycobacteria

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33
Q

infection in bird keepers

A

chlamydia psittaci

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34
Q

most common preventable cause of blindness in africa

A

chlamydia trachomatis types A, B, and C

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35
Q

conjunctivitis, urethritis, and arthritis

A

chlamydia trachomatis types D-K

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36
Q

sign of the groove

A

chlamydia type L

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37
Q

Q fever

A

coxiella burnetti

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38
Q

lone star tick

A

ehrlichia chaffeensis

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39
Q

hemorrhagic disease spread by urine from infected rats

A

leprospira interogans

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40
Q

painless hard penile ulcer

A

syphilis

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41
Q

lung infection in wool sorters

A

bacillus anthracis

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42
Q

rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis

A

streptococcus pyogenes

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43
Q

infects previously damaged heart valves

A

streptococcus viridans

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44
Q

infects previously healthy hearts

A

staphylococcus aureus

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45
Q

lockjaw (trismus)

A

clostridium tetani

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46
Q

transmitted by contaminated honey and causes paralysis

A

clostridium botulinim

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47
Q

muscles necrosis with gas formation

A

clostridium, perfringens

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48
Q

grey peudomembrane in the throat

A

corynebacterium diphtheriae

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49
Q

paroxysmal bouts of coughing with a whoop in a child

A

bordetella pertussis

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50
Q

fever from handling infected rabbit skin

A

francisella tularensis

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51
Q

lung infection from infected air conditioners

A

legionella pneumophila

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52
Q

infected burns with blue green burns

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

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53
Q

gram negative coccus which ferments glucose

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

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54
Q

gram negative coccus which ferments maltose

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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55
Q

causes severe diarrhea with rice water stool

A

vibrio cholera

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56
Q

causes peptic ulcer and some forms of stomach cancer

A

helicobacter pylori

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57
Q

gram resistant bacteria with thick waxy oil

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

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58
Q

commonest cause of urinary tract infections

A

Escherichia coli

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59
Q

causes of hemolytic uremic syndrome

A

e. coli subtype O157 H7

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60
Q

causes rose-coloured spots and step-ladder fever

A

salmonella typhi

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61
Q

fatal encephalitis in warm waters

A

naegleria fowleri

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62
Q

diarrhea more common in hikers

A

giardia lamblia

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63
Q

causes megaoesophagus and spread by sand fly bites

A

trypansoma cruzi

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64
Q

sleeping sickness spread by tsetse fly bites

A

trypansoma gambiense

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65
Q

frothy vaginal discharge caused by flagellate protozoan

A

trichomonas vaginitis

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66
Q

recurrent or chronic diarrhea in immune compromised

A

cryptosporidium parvum

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67
Q

most deadly form of malaria

A

plasmodium falciparum

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68
Q

intestinal parasite associated with iron deficiency

A

necator americanus

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69
Q

most common intestinal nematode in the USA

A

enterobius vermicularis

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70
Q

associated with rectal prolapse

A

trichuris trichuria

71
Q

river blindness spread by the simulium blackfly

A

onchocerca volvulus

72
Q

elephantiasis spread by celux filariasis

A

wuchereria bancrofti

73
Q

intestinal parasite associated with vitamin B12 deficiemcy

A

diphyllobothrium latum

74
Q

bladder parasite causing blood in the urine

A

sichstosoma hematobium

75
Q

spread by eating undercooked contaminated beef

A

taenia saginatum

76
Q

smallest tapeworm

A

hymenolepis nana

77
Q

largest tapeworm

A

diphyllobothrium latum

78
Q

ames test

A

mutagenic potential

79
Q

armadillo

A

mycobacterium leprae

80
Q

ascoli test

A

anthrax

81
Q

ASOT( anti-streptolysin O titer)

A

recent streptococcal infection

82
Q

bordet-gegbou medium

A

bordetella pertussis

83
Q

catalase test

A

staphylococcus (+) from streptococcus (-)

84
Q

chocolate agar

A

Neisseria and hemophilus

85
Q

coagulase test

A

staphylococcus aureus from staph

86
Q

coombs test

A

hemolytic anemia

87
Q

darkfield microscopy

A

syphilis

88
Q

dick test

A

scarlet fever

89
Q

eaton agar

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

90
Q

ELISA

A

HIV and lyme

91
Q

FTA-Abs

A

syphilis

92
Q

heaf skin test

A

tuberculosis

93
Q

hektoen agar

A

salmonella

94
Q

indian ink stain

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

95
Q

kviem skin test

A

sarcoidosis

96
Q

Lowenstein-Jensen culture medium

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

97
Q

macconkey agar

A

promotes growth of gram negative rods

98
Q

mantoux skin test

A

tuberculosis

99
Q

middlebrook culture medium

A

tuberculosis

100
Q

mitsuda test

A

mycobacterium leprae

101
Q

paul bunnel test

A

mononucleosis

102
Q

regan-lowe agar

A

bordetella pertussis

103
Q

quelling reaction

A

bacteria with capsule-strep pneumoniae

104
Q

sabouraud medium

A

fungal organisms

105
Q

schick test

A

corynebacterium diphtheria

106
Q

Schultz carlton reaction

A

scarlet fever

107
Q

telluritie agar

A

corynebacterium diphtheria

108
Q

Thayer-martin medium

A

Neisseria organisms

109
Q

thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose

A

vibrio cholera

110
Q

tine skin test

A

tuberculosis

111
Q

VDRL test

A

syphilis

112
Q

weil-felix test

A

rickettsiae

113
Q

wood’s light

A

fungal organisms

114
Q

spaghetti and meatball appearance

A

malassezia furfur

115
Q

rose gardener

A

sporothrix schenckii

116
Q

ohio valley fever

A

histoplasma capsulatum

117
Q

san Joaquin valley fever

A

coccidioides immitis

118
Q

spokes of a wheel appearance

A

paracoccidoides brasiliensis

119
Q

decaying vegetation

A

aspergillus fumigatus

120
Q

wright-giemsa stain

A

parasites and syphilis

121
Q

spread by bat droppings

A

histoplasma capsultum

122
Q

causes meningitis spread by pigeon poop

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

123
Q

causes pneumonia in an immune compromised patient

A

pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii)

124
Q

ziehl nelson stain

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

125
Q

percentage of true positive

A

sensitivity

126
Q

percentage of true negative

A

specificity

127
Q

used to exclude a disease if test is negative (snOUT)

A

sensitivity

128
Q

used to include a diagnosis if test is positive (spIN)

A

specificity

129
Q

sudden increase in the number with a disease locally

A

epidemic

130
Q

normal occurrence of a disease in a particular locality

A

endemic

131
Q

sudden increase in the number with a disease worldwide

A

pandemic

132
Q

number of people with the diease at a given time

A

prevalence

133
Q

number of new cases in the population at a given time

A

incidence

134
Q

number of people who die from a particular disease

A

mortality rate

135
Q

number of people who have a particular disease

A

morbidity rate

136
Q

epidemiology or disease triangle

A

host, agent (microbe) and environment

137
Q

antigenic shift (virus), spores (bacteria/fungus) cysts (protozoa

A

microbial adaptations

138
Q

disease that has newly appeared

A

emerging disease

139
Q

previously known disease that has increased or spread

A

re-emerging disease

140
Q

bacteria and fungi form spores and protozoa form cysts

A

pathogen adaptations to environment

141
Q

viral adaptation to the environment and host

A

antigenic shift

142
Q

exposure of milk to progressively higher temperatures

A

pasturization

143
Q

use of chemicals or very high heat to destroy all life

A

sterilization

144
Q

use of chemicals to destroy most pathogens

A

disinfection

145
Q

allows water to pass through pores of different sizes

A

filtration

146
Q

use of aluminum to precipitate material from water

A

flocculation

147
Q

allows to precipitate

A

sedimentation

148
Q

adds anaerobic bacteria to break down organic matter

A

sludge digestion

149
Q

allows water to pass through sand

A

sand filtration

150
Q

passes oxygen through to kill anaerobic bacteria

A

aeration

151
Q

addition of chlorine to kill all remaining micro-organisms

A

chlorination

152
Q

anedotes, case study, case control, cohort study or RCT

A

hierarchy of evidence

153
Q

describes and interprets an individual case

A

case study

154
Q

comparing outcomes of those with and without a disease

A

case control study

155
Q

follows samples prospectively with respect to disease

A

cohort study

156
Q

random allocation to experimental or control grouop

A

randomized clinical trial

157
Q

combines all outcomes and summarizes the findings

A

systematic review

158
Q

subset of systematic review focused on one conclusion

A

meta-analysis

159
Q

inspection of meat and milk

A

US department of agriculture

160
Q

drug and cosmetic quality and health product advertisement

A

food and drug administration

161
Q

disease surveillance and restaurant inspection

A

department of public health

162
Q

monitors air and water quality

A

environmental protection agency

163
Q

monitors workplace safety and hazardous material disposal

A

occupational safety health admin

164
Q

epidemiological research and health statistics

A

centres for disease control

165
Q

oversees health care to the underserved

A

health services administration

166
Q

oversees funding for disease research

A

national institutes of health

167
Q

recent emerging disease spread by infected body fluids

A

ebola

168
Q

spirochete spread by the vector lxodes scapularis

A

lyme disease

169
Q

emerging disease spread by fluids from infected rats

A

hantavirus infection

170
Q

spread by working with infected birds

A

severe acute respiratory syndrome

171
Q

spread by working with infected pigs

A

H1N1 influenza

172
Q

emerging disease spread by contact with infected camels

A

middle east respiratory syndrome

173
Q

kills more people in the USA than AIDS

A

methicillin resistant staph. aureus

NBCE 1 (4 decks)

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