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Renal Step 1 > Pathology Part 1 > Flashcards

Pathology Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Presence of casts in the urine indicates that _______/_______ is of ________origin

A

hematuria
pyuria
renal (not bladder) origin

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2
Q

RBC casts are characteristic of what?

A

Glomerulonephritis
ischemia
malignant HTN

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3
Q

WBC casts are characteristic of what?

A

Tubulointerstitial inflammation
Acute pyelonephritis
Transplant rejection

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4
Q

Fatty Casts (oval fat bodies) are characteristic of what?

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

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5
Q

Granular (muddy brown) casts are characteristic of what?

A

Acute tubular necrosis

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6
Q

Waxy casts are characteristic of what?

A

Advanced renal disease/Chronic renal failure

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7
Q

Hyaline casts are characteristic of what?

A

Nonspecific (can be normal)

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8
Q

Bladder cancer and kidney stones present with what?

A

Hematuria but no casts

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9
Q

Acute cystitis present with what?

A

Pyuria with no casts

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10
Q

What does focal mean?

A

<50% of glomeruli are involved

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11
Q

What does diffuse mean?

A

> 50% of glomeruli are involved

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12
Q

What does proliferative mean?

A

Hypercellular glomeruli

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13
Q

What does membranous mean?

A

Thickening of glomerular BM

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14
Q

What is primary glomerular disease?

A

Involves only glomeruli (primary disease of kidney)

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15
Q

What is secondary glomerular disease?

A

Involves glomeruli and other organs (disease of another organ system or a systemic disease that impacts kidney)

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16
Q

What is an example of focal disease?

A

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

17
Q

What is an example of a diffuse disease?

A

Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis

18
Q

What is an example of a proliferative disease?

A

Mesangial proliferative

19
Q

What is an example of a membranous disease?

A

Membranous nephropathy

20
Q

What are the nephritic syndromes?

A

Acute poststrep GN
Rapidly progressive GN
Berger’s IgA glomerulonephropathy
Alport Syndrome

21
Q

What is both nephritic and nephrotic?

A

Diffuse proliferative GN

Membranoproliferative GN

22
Q

What are the nephrotic syndromes?

A 
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Membranous nephropathy
Minimal change disease
Amyloidosis
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy

Renal Step 1 (6 decks)

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