Pathology of the Small Intestines, Colon, and Appendix Flashcards
What is visceral pain?
Autonomic innervation and will be stimulated by distention, contraction
- Vague pain, dull
- Not sensing of cutting or more localized pain
What is somatic pain?
From the parietal peritoneum, will have more localized discomfort
- Sharp pain
- Associated with infection, inflammation
What is peritonitis?
Inflammation of the peritoneal cavity
- BAD
- Fluid within the peritoneum from underlying process
What is diverticulosis?
Uninflamed diverticula
- Common cause of acute lower GI bleed (bleeds more than diverticulitis)
What is diverticulitis?
Inflammation of the diverticulum
- Commonly associated with micro or gross perforations
What is the pathophysiology of diverticular disease?
- Associated with Western Diet, decreased fiber intake
Firm, small stools need stronger contractions for successful peristalsis –> increased intraluminal pressure leads to herniation of the mucosal and submucosal layers through area of vascular defect
What is Meckel’s Diverticulum?
Congenital diverticulum typically asymptomatic at the illiocecal valve
In ischemic bowel disease, vascular occlusion may be associated with:
- Atherosclerosis
- Aortic aneurysm
- Clot
In ischemic bowel disease, diminished blood flow is associated with:
- Hypotension
- Arrhythmia
- Sepsis
Where is the watershed area in the bowel?
Splenic flexture
The decreased blood flow in ischemic bowel disease leads to what?
- anaerobic metabolism, build up of cellular waste
- necrosis
- leaky gut
- translocation of gut bacteria
What is pneumatosis intestinalis?
- Sepsis, perforation, abscess
- Fatal if untreated
What genetic predisposition is associated with Inflammatory bowel disease?
HLA-B27
What two conditions fall under inflammatory bowel disease?
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn’s
What is the blood test for ulcerative colitis?
P-ANCA
