Pancreatic Disorders Flashcards
What cells of the pancreas secrete digestive enzymes?
Acinar cells
What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?
Glucose homeostasis
Alpha cells: glucagon
Beta cells: insulin
What is the exocrine function of the pancreas?
Secrete bicarbonate and digestive enzymes into ducts connecting pancreas to the duodenum
What are the most common triggers of acute pancreatitis?
Gallstones and alcohol
What is the presentation of acute pancreatitis?
Severe, upper abdominal pain with radiation (“boring”) to the back; frequently n/v
Appear acutely ill
What is a comfortable position for patients with acute pancreatitis?
Sitting up and leaning forward may reduce the pain, the pancreas is able to “hang” limiting the pressure
What are the two signs associated with hemorrhagic exudate due to pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis?
Grey Turner Sign (ecchymosis of the flanks)
Cullen Sign (ecchymosis of the umbilical region)
What is Grey Turner’s sign?
Ecchymosis of flanks
What is Cullen sign?
Ecchymosis of the umbilical region
What lab is more specific for pancreatitis?
Lipase
What is the recommended work-up for acute pancreatitis?
Labs: CBC, CMP, serum lipase and amylase, lactate, TG, CRP
Is imaging required in diagnosing pancreatitis?
No, but CT/MRI can be helpful
What is the imaging modality of choice for working up acute pancreatitis?
CT with IV contrast
A total of 3 points on the Ranson’s Criteria at time of admission with acute pancreatitis is indicative of what?
Likely severe pancreatitis, ICU admission should be considered due to high mortality rate
When should the Ranson’s Criteria be repeated?
48-hours after admission with pancreatitis
