Pathology of the Respiratory System Flashcards
aka “The Flu”. A respiratory condition that most commonly occurs in colder months.
Influenza
A condition in which there is “a pattern of alternating periods of rapid breathing”, slow breathing, and the absence of breathing.
Cheyne-Stokes Respiration
A condition in which there is “a complete or almost complete absence of oxygen” from inspired gases, arterial blood or tissues.
Anoxia
Paralysis of the Larynx.
Laryngoplegia
The loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds.
Aphonia
The absence of spontaneous respiration.
Apnea
“A group of potentially fatal disorders” in which “breathing repeatedly stops during sleep”.
Sleep Apnea Syndromes
A condition in which “the lung fails to expand” because there is a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax, which may result in a collapsed lung.
Atelectasis
The abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood.
Hypercapnia
The abnormal escape of fluid into the pleural cavity.
Pleural Effusion
A chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes. During this attack, “the lining of the airway swells”.
Asthma
Irreversible enlargement of the bronchi or bronchioles that is commonly accompanied by chronic infection.
Bronchiectasis
A life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus.
Cystic Fibrosis
aka “Black Lung Disease”
The asymptomatic, milder type of pneumoconiosis as caused by the accumulation of carbon in the lungs due to repeated exposure to air pollution or inhalation of smoke or coal dust particles.
Anthracosis
“The progressive loss of lung function” in which the chest sometimes assumed an enlarged barrel shape, due to a decrease in the total number of alveoli, the enlargement of the remaining alveoli, and the progressive destruction of their walls.
Emphysema
aka “Nosebleed”
Epistaxis
An inflammation of the visceral and parietal pleura in the thoracic cavity that causes pleurodynia.
Pleurisy
The abnormally slow rate of respiration of less than 10 breaths per minute.
Bradypnea
An “accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space” causing the lung to collapse.
Pneumothorax
The unexplainable death of an apparently healthy infant between ages of 2 weeks and 1 year.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
The “only” form of pneumonia “that can be prevented through vaccination”. Most commonly caused by streptococcus pneumoniae.
Bacterial Pneumonia
An abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs.
Pneumoconiosis
Bleeding from the mucous membranes if the trachea.
Tracheorrhagia
Inflammation of the bronchial walls.
Bronchitis
Excessive flow of mucus from the bronchi.
Bronchorrhea
aka “Common Cold”
Acute Nasopharyngitis
