Pathology Of The Pediatric Ovary Flashcards
Ovarian cysts normally measure what?
3-7 mm
Ovarian cysts may form when?
In utero but may spontaneously resolves
What are the characteristics of a cyst?
Round, well defined borders, smooth & thin edges, anechoic, through transmission
Ovarian cysts occur more often in who?
Neonates of mothers with toxemia, diabetes, Rh isoimmunization because there is a greater than normal release of placental chorionic gonadotropin
What are common complications of ovarian cysts?
Hemorrhage, torsion, rupture
What are sonographer findings of an ovarian cyst?
Anechoic structure adjacent to, or within ovary; may have debris if hemorrhage
When can an ovarian torsion occur?
At any age
What symptom will occur with an ovarian torsion?
Sudden onset of severe pain
What are ovarian torsional associated with?
Ovarian cyst or mass
What is compromised with an ovarian torsion?
Arterial and venous blood flow; venous first
Little to no blood flow when color Doppler is applied
What does an ovary that is twisted look like?
Enlarged and edematous
Ovarian teratomas are uncommon in who?
Adolescences and Neonates
Ovarian teratomas are what percentage of germ cells?
60%
Ovarian teratomas can be _________ or _________
Benign or malignant
What are some types of malignant ovarian teratomas?
Dysgerminoma, embryonal carcinoma, endodermal sinus tumor, immature teratoma, chorocarcinoma
Mixed tumors
What is the most common ovarian teratoma in pediatrics?
A benign mature teratoma or a dermoid (mixed tissue) cyst
Dermoid cysts are usually asymptomatic until when?
They get very large
What is the most frequency complication with a dermoid cyst?
Torsion - 16% to 40%
What is the sonographic appearance of a dermoid cyst?
Complex heterogeneous mass
Frequent echogenic foci with shadowing
**less shadowing in Neonates
“Tip of the iceberg” means a dermoid
