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CV Unit II > Pathology of Ischemic CV Disease > Flashcards

Pathology of Ischemic CV Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major anatomic components of elastic arteries?

A

Accommodates/dampens pulsatile blood flow

e.g. aorta

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2
Q

What are the major anatomic components of muscular arteries?

A

Regulates blood flow

  • Vasoconstriction/dilation
  • E.g. renal arteries
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3
Q

What is cystic medial necrosis?

A

a

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4
Q

What is the primary complication associated with cystic medial necrosis?

A

a

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5
Q

What are the diseases associated with elastic fiber and collagen synthesis defects that can manifest with cystic medial necrosis?

A

a

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6
Q

a

A

a

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7
Q

Define arteriosclerosis

A

a

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8
Q

What are the two subcategories of arteriosclerosis?

A

a

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9
Q

What is the disease process of arteriolosclerotic disease?

A

a

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10
Q

What is the disease process of atherosclerotic disease

A
  • Focal chronic endothelial injury
  • Lipoproteins trapped in vessel wall
  • Cellular interactions w/ macros, lymphocytes (rxn to lipoproteins)
  • Proliferation of SMCs
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11
Q

What are the risk factors for developing arteriosclerotic disease?

A

a

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12
Q

What are the risk factors for developing atherosclerotic disease?

A

a

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13
Q

What are the complications associated with arteriosclerotic disease?

A

a

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14
Q

What are the complications associated with atherosclerotic disease?

A

a

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15
Q

Define aneurysm

A
  • Weakening of vessel wall

Causes:

  • Trauma
  • Local infections (mycotic)
  • Congenital defects (berry)
  • Arteriovenous aneurysms
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16
Q

What are the two disease processes involved in aneurysm formation?

A
  • HTN

- Atherosclerosis

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17
Q

Define pseudo-aneurysm

A
  • actual wall is fine

- outside tissue has formed a hematoma

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18
Q

What is an example of a pseudo-aneurysm

A

Hematoma

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19
Q

Define the term dissection with respect to the aorta or other arteries

A

aortic dissection?

20
Q

What is the key disease process underlying dissection (hypertension -> cystic medial necrosis)?

A

a

21
Q

What are the sites where dissecting blood may drain into?

A
  • Pericardium
  • Thorax
  • Peritoneum

?

22
Q

What are the names of when is present in the pericardium, thorax, and peritoneum?

A
  • Hemopericardium
  • Hemothorax
  • Hemoperitoneum
23
Q

What is a manifestation of tertiary syphilis? (think vessels)

A

Ascending aorta/aortic arch aneurysm

24
Q

What are the names of types of vessels comprising key vascular malformations?

A

a

25
Q

Where is common place for aneurysms to form?

A

at bifurcations!

26
Q

Define hemorrhage

A

bleeding

27
Q

Describe hypertensive hemorrhage

A

a

28
Q

What is an example of a benign vascular neoplasm? How is it developed?

A

a

29
Q

What are the names of two malignant vascular neoplasms?

A

a

30
Q

Which virus is associated with AAA neoplasm?

A

a

31
Q

What are two processes that can lead to total occlusion of a coronary artery with critical atherosclerotic disease and that can result in downstream ischemia?

A

a

32
Q

Describe the window in which myocardial cells might tolerate ischemia

A

20-30 minutes

33
Q

What is a drug that if abused can lead to coronary artery spasm/constriction on a normal or diseased coronary artery?

A

a

34
Q

What are enzymes/proteins present in cardiac muscles that can be evaluated with respect to proving/disproving the clinical hypothesis of MI?

A

a

35
Q

Describe the pathology underlying typical/stable angina

A

a

36
Q

Describe the pathology underlying unstable/crescendo angina

A

a

37
Q

What are the major findings in initial MI (macroscopic and microscopic)?

A

a

38
Q

Describe the pathophysiology of subendocardial infarct

A

a

39
Q

Describe the pathophysiology of transmural infarct

A

a

40
Q

What are the negative outcomes of MI as it relates to electrical activity of myocardium, myocardial defects and deficits, and pericardial reactive or autoimmune process.?

A

s

41
Q

a

A

a

42
Q

a

A

a

43
Q

What are the complications associated with aneurysms?

A

a

44
Q

What are the complications associated with ventricular wall rupture?

A

a

45
Q

What are the complications associated with papillary muscle infarction?

A

a

46
Q

What are the complications associated with pericarditis?

A

a

CV Unit II (12 decks)

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