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Mammary Gland > Pathology Of Breast > Flashcards

Pathology Of Breast Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the normal characteristics of breast

A

1.Terminal duct -lobular unit, 2. lobular stroma, 3. nipple and areola; smooth muscle larger ducts and lactiferous sinuses, 4.interlobular stroma, 5.Pectoralis muscle, 6. chest wall and ribs

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2
Q

What pathologies occur in terminal ducts

A 
Cyst
Sclerosing adenosis
Small duct papilloma
Hyperplasia
Atypical hyperplasia
Carcinoma
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3
Q

Pathologies of lobular stroma

A

Fibroadenoma

Phyllodes tumor

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4
Q

Pathologies of nipple and areola

A

Duct ectasia
Recurrent subareolar abscess
Solitary ducal papilloma
Paget disease

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5
Q

Pathologies of interlobular stroma

A 
Fat necrosis
Lipoma
Fibrous tumor
Fibromatosis
Sarcoma
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6
Q

What are the three main developments disorders of breast

A

Milk line remnant
Accessory maxillary breast tissue
Congenital nipple inverse

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7
Q

Explain milk line remnants

A
  • Extra breasts or maple from residual epidermal thickening along the milk line (which extends from the axilla to the perineum)
  • most common to clinical attention as a result of painful premenstual enlargement
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8
Q

Explain accessory maxillary breast tissue

A
  • Normal ducal system extends beyond the normal breast area, and into the subcutaneous tissue of the chest wall or the armpit.
  • it’s important to know it you have this if you have a prophylactic mastectomy for breast cancer. Other wise it you don’t take out the accessory tissue too you’ll still be at risk for getting breast cancer
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9
Q

Explain congenital nipple inversion

A
  • failure of the nipple to evert during development
  • common; may be unilateral
  • of little clinical significance; often correct spontaneously during pregnancy (or can be corrected by fraction)
  • acquired nipple inversions however is clinically important (because it may indicate the presence an invasive cancer underneath the nipple)
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10
Q

What is the most prominent symptoms

A

Palpable mass

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11
Q

Causes of lumps

A
  • fibrocystio changes
  • benign cysts
  • fibroadenoma
  • invasive carcinoma = malignant
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12
Q

Explain fibro cystic changes

A

Miscellaneous changes is the female breast -consequences of an exaggeration and distortion of the cyclic breast changes that occur normally during the menstrual cycle
* changes are divided into non-proliferative and proliferative

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13
Q

Namer non proliferative breast changes

A 
Duct ectasia
Cysts
Apocrine changes
Mild hyperplasia
Adenosis
Eibroddenoma without complex features
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14
Q

Proliferative disease without atypia

A
  • Moderate or florid hyperplasia
  • sclerosing adenosis
  • Papiloma
  • complex sclerosing lesions (radial scar)
  • fibroadenomas with complex features
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15
Q

Proliferative disease with Atypia

A

Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH)

Atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH)

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16
Q

Name the carcinoma in sites diseases

A 
LCIS= lobular carcinoma in situ
DCIS= duct al carcinoma in situ
17
Q

What are proliferative changes

A
  • A range of proliferative lesions within the ductules, the terminal ducts and sometimes the lobules
  • epithelial hyperplasia- mild to atypical
18
Q

What are non-proliferative changes

A
  • Characterised by an increased fibrous strong associated with dilatation of the ducts and formation of cyst of varying size.
  • multifocal and bilateral
  • epithelial lining may undergo apocrine metaplasia
19
Q

What is sclerosing adenosine

A

Clinical and morphology picture may mimic those of carcinoma

The involved terminal duct lobular unit is enlarged and the acini are compress and distorted by denser stroma

20
Q

What illnesses have no risk to become cancer

A

Fibrosis, cystic changes, apocrine metaplasia, mild hyperplasia

21
Q

What illnesses are slightly at risk to become cancer

A
  • Moderator to florid hyperplasia
  • Ductal papilomatosis
  • Sclerosing adenosis
  • fibroadenoma
22
Q

What illnesses have a high risk of becoming cancer

A

Atypical hyperplasia

Positive family history

23
Q

Name the side benign inflammatory disorders of the breast

A
  1. Acute mastitis
  2. Periductal mastitis
  3. Mammary duct ectasia
  4. Fat necrosis
  5. lymphocytic mastopathy
  6. Granulomatous mastitis
24
Q

What duct ectasia

A

Prominence of the lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration and occasional Granulomas in the periductal stroma

  • induration of breast
  • retraction of the nipple
25
Q

What happens during inflammation of the breast

A

Acute signs= traumatic fat necrosis
Acute inflammation = ducts, inspissation of secretions, through fissures in the nipples, dermatitis
Mammary duct ectasia is a non-bacterial inflammation of the breast associated with inspissation of breast secretion in the main excretory ducts (40-50 years)

Mammary Gland (3 decks)

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