PATHOLOGY OF BONE AND JOINTS Flashcards
HIP DYSPLASIA
INHERITED IN LARGE BREED DOGS - GERMAN SHEPHERDS
LOCATED AT ACETABULUM
INCREASED JOINT LAXITY, RUPTURE OF LIGAMENT OF THE FEMORAL HEAD, FORMATION OF OSTEOPHYTES
FORM OF OSTEOCHONDROSIS
FLUORIDE TOXICITY
PERIOSTEAL HYPEROSTOSIS
DEFECTIVE ENAMEL
OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS
WHEN JOINT MOUSE BREAKS LOOSE THEN REPLACED WITH FIBROCARTILAGE HORSES- FEMUR, TIBIA, TALUS DOGS- HUMERUS (LARGE BREEDS 4-8MOS) LEADS TO DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE
PANNUS FORMATION
SPREADS ACROSS ARTICULAR SURFACE
ANKYLOSIS- FUSION OF BONES, STUFF JOINTS
LEAD TOXICITY
INTERFERES WITH OSTEOCLASTS RESORPTION
INCREASES BONE DENSITY
UNIQUE LEAD LINE PRESENT ON RADIOGRAPHS (DO YOU KNOW WHAT THIS PICTURE LOOKS LIKE???)
VERTEBRAL OSTEOMYELITIS
HEMATOGENOUS SPREAD
YOUNG FARM ANIMALS
ETIOLOGY- TRUEPERELLA PYOGENES, STAPH AUREUS
LEADS TO VERTEBRAL COLLAPSE—> SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION
WHAT IS CODMANS TRIANGLE?
REACTIVE PERIOSTEAL NEW GROWTH ALONG DIAPHYSIS/METAPHYSIS JUNCTION
OSTEOSARCOMA
MALIGNANT
COMMON IN LARGE BREED DOGS
DOES NOT CROSS THE JOINT SPACE
AWAY FFROM THE ELBOW CLOSE TO THE KNEE
RICKETS
FAILURE TO MINERALIZE CARTILAGE IN YOUNG ANIMALS
IMPACTS THE GROWTH PLATE
RESULTS IN BOWLEGGEDNESS
DEFICIENCY OF P OR VITAMIN D
SUPPURATIVE BACTERIAL ARTHRITIS
SEVERE, DESTRUCTIVE
FILLED WITH PUS
ANKYLOSIS- STIFF JOINT, FUSION
ET: TRUEPERELLA PYOGENES, STAPH AUREUS
OSTEOMALACIA
ADULTS
NEW OSTEOID NOT OSSIFED
VITAMIN D OR P DEFICIENCY
EBURNATION
DENSE
SCERLOTIC/ HARDENED
POLISHED
DUE TO INCREASED STRESS, PRESSURE
OSTEOMA
BENIGN
UNCOMMON
USUALLY ON THE HEAD
OSTEOPHYTES
OUTGROWTHS OF BONE - LOOK LIKE HOOKS
DEVELOPS DUE TO STRESS ON JOINT CAPSULE
ACHONDROPLASIA
ABSENCE OF CARTILAGE GROWTH
LEGG CALVE PERTHEAS DISEASE
NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD
LAMENESS
YOUNG TERRIERS AND POODLES, MINIS
WHAT IS MODELING?
MASS AND SHAPE ARE ALTERED
PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISM- GROWTH
DISEASE- RESPONSE TO ABNORMAL USE OR DAMAGE
WHAT IS REMODELING?
WEAR AND TEAR
MASS AND SHAPE STAY THE SAME
LINK BETWEEN FORMATION AND RESORPTION
DISC DISEASE
“SLIPPED DISC”
INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION AND MINERALIZATION
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF PARESIS IN DOGS
DASCHUND, BASSET, BULLDOGS, SHI TZU, PEKINGESE, CORGI
FAILURE TO REPAIR DISC MATRIX
OSTEOCHONDROSIS
FAILURE OF ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION
FRAGILE CARTILAGE AT PHYSIS AND EPIPYHSIS
SEEN IN RAPIDLY GROWING MALES
MAY SEE FORMATION OF JOINT MOUSE
OSTEOPOROSIS
REDUCTION IN BONE MASS
BONE BEING RESORBED BUT NOT FORMED
CAUSED BY CA DEFICIENCY - STIMULATES PTH TF. RESORPTION
ALSO CAUSED BY HYPERADRENOCORTICISM
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
EXTREMELY RARE INHERITED DEFECT
TYPE 1 COLLAGEN DEFECTIVE OSTEOID
CAUSES THIN, FRAGILE BONES
SEQUESTRUM
OSTEOMYELITIS
NECROTIC BONE SURROUNDED BY EXUDATE
HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOPATHY
PROLIFERATION OF NEW PERIOSTEAL BONE ON DIAPHYSIS OF DISTAL LIMBS (CODMANS TRIANGLE**)
ALWAYS CHECK CHEST RADS FOR METASTASIS
SPACE OCCUPYING LESIONS OF THE VERTEBRAE
- NEOPLASIA
- ABSCESS
PRESSURE ON THE SPINAL CORD— LIMB DYSFUNCTION
OSTEOPETROSIS
VERY DENSE BONE BUT MORE PRONE TO FX
OSTEOCLASTS FAIL TO MODEL METAPHYSEAL BONE FROM GROWTH PLATE
BONE IS TRABECULAR
ETIOLOGY; BVDV OR INHERITED DEFECT
DISRUPTION OF OSSIFICATION CAN LEAD TO …
GROWTH ARREST LINES ALONG THE METAPHYSIS
DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE
AKA DEGENERATIVE ARTHRITIS, OSTEOARTHRITIS, OSTEOARTHROSIS
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE AFFECTED
DUE TO TRAUMA, DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS, ABNORMAL JOINT FUNCTION, METABOLIC DEFECT OF CARTILAGE
EROSIVE IMMUNE MEDIATED ARTHRITIS
IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN SYNOVIUM
PERSISTENT RXN-PANNUS-EROSION
SMALL MIDDLE AGED BREEDS
FIBRINOUS BACTERIAL ARTHRITIS
INCREASE IN VOLUME OF SYNOVIAL FLUID
PANNUS FORMATION
CHRONIC=FIBROSIS
ET- ECOLI, MYCOPLASMA, HAEMOPHILUS
OSTEOMYELITIS
INFLAMMATION OF THE BONE AND MEDULLARY CAVITY
OFTEN BACTERIAL INF AT METAPHYSIS
CRANIOMANDIBULAR OSTEOPATHY
BILATERAL NEW BONE GROWTH—> THICKENING OF LOWER MANDIBLE
MASTICATION PAINFUL—> MUSCLE ATROPHY
WEST HIGHLAND TERRIERS, SCOTTISH TERRIERS, CAIRN TERRIERS, GREAT DANES, BOXERS
FUNCTIONALLY UNSTABLE WOBBLER
COMPRESSION OF SPINAL CORD CHANGES WITH NECK POSITION
DISCOSPONDYLITIS
INTERVERTEBRAL DISC INFLAMMATION
ET: STAPH AUREUS, STREPTOCOCCI, ASPERGILLUS
TRANSMISSION: HEMATONGENOUS OR MIGRATING FOREIGN BODY
STATIC STENOSIS IN A WOBBLER
COMPRESSION OF SPINAL CORD REGARDLESS OF HEAD POSIITON
CHONDROPLASIA
DYSPLASIA OF CARTILAGE AT GROWTH PLATES
GROWTH PLATES CLOSE EARLY
LEADS TO DISPROPORTIONATE DWARFISM
NAME 4 METABOLIC BONE DISORDERS
- OSTEOPOROSIS
- RICKETS
- OSTEOMALACIA
- FIBROUS OSTEODYSTROPHY
FIBROUS OSTEODYSTROPHY
FIBROUS TISSUE REPLACES BONE AFTER RESORPTION
CAUSED BY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
LOW CA HIGH P DIET .. INCREASES PTH… RESORPTION
CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
SPONDYLOSIS DEFORMANS
PRIMARY DEGENERATIVE PROCESS
OLDER BULLS, DOGS, PIGS
OSTEOPHYTES DEVELOP- ANKYLOSIS = FUSION OF THE VERTEBRAE
INVOLUCRUM
OSTEOMYELITIS
CIRCLE OF REACTIVE BONE SURROUNDING SEQUESTRUM
FIBRILTION
FRAYING
VERTICAL FISSURES
HYPERTROPHIC OSTEODYSTROPHY/ METAPHYSEAL OSTEOPATHY (SAME NAME)
NEW BONE GROWTH ON THE METAPHYSIS DUE TO INFLAMMATION AND NECROSIS
SEEN IN RAPIDLY GROWING LARGE BREED DOGS
INCOMPLETE OSSIFICATION- BONE THICKENS AND CAUSES DEFORMITIES
NON EROSIVE IMMUNE MEDIATED ARTHRITIS
SOMEONE ELSE IN THE BODY THERE IS PRIMARY IMMUNE DZ
CIRCULATING IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN SYNOVIUM
INFLAMMATION NOT PERSISTANT
NO PANNUS NO EROSION
ET: SYSTEMIC LUPIS
VITAMIN A TOXICITY IN CATS
FROM EATING COW LIVER
CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS
OSTEOPHYTE FORMATION
OSTEONECROSIS
NECROSIS OF BONE CAUSED BY ISCHEMIA
WOBBLER SYNDROME
CERVICAL VERTEBRAL STENOTIC MYELOPATHY
VERTEBRAL MALFORMATIONS CAUSE COMPRESSION OF THE SPINAL CORD
CS:PROGRESSIVE ATAXIA, PARESIS, WOBBLING
