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SG 3 PATHOLOGY > PATHOLOGY OF BONE AND JOINTS > Flashcards

PATHOLOGY OF BONE AND JOINTS Flashcards

1
Q

HIP DYSPLASIA

A

INHERITED IN LARGE BREED DOGS - GERMAN SHEPHERDS
LOCATED AT ACETABULUM
INCREASED JOINT LAXITY, RUPTURE OF LIGAMENT OF THE FEMORAL HEAD, FORMATION OF OSTEOPHYTES
FORM OF OSTEOCHONDROSIS

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2
Q

FLUORIDE TOXICITY

A

PERIOSTEAL HYPEROSTOSIS

DEFECTIVE ENAMEL

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3
Q

OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS

A 
WHEN JOINT MOUSE BREAKS LOOSE
THEN REPLACED WITH FIBROCARTILAGE 
HORSES- FEMUR, TIBIA, TALUS 
DOGS- HUMERUS (LARGE BREEDS 4-8MOS)
LEADS TO DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE
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4
Q

PANNUS FORMATION

A

SPREADS ACROSS ARTICULAR SURFACE

ANKYLOSIS- FUSION OF BONES, STUFF JOINTS

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5
Q

LEAD TOXICITY

A

INTERFERES WITH OSTEOCLASTS RESORPTION
INCREASES BONE DENSITY
UNIQUE LEAD LINE PRESENT ON RADIOGRAPHS (DO YOU KNOW WHAT THIS PICTURE LOOKS LIKE???)

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6
Q

VERTEBRAL OSTEOMYELITIS

A

HEMATOGENOUS SPREAD
YOUNG FARM ANIMALS
ETIOLOGY- TRUEPERELLA PYOGENES, STAPH AUREUS
LEADS TO VERTEBRAL COLLAPSE—> SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION

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7
Q

WHAT IS CODMANS TRIANGLE?

A

REACTIVE PERIOSTEAL NEW GROWTH ALONG DIAPHYSIS/METAPHYSIS JUNCTION

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8
Q

OSTEOSARCOMA

A

MALIGNANT
COMMON IN LARGE BREED DOGS
DOES NOT CROSS THE JOINT SPACE
AWAY FFROM THE ELBOW CLOSE TO THE KNEE

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9
Q

RICKETS

A

FAILURE TO MINERALIZE CARTILAGE IN YOUNG ANIMALS
IMPACTS THE GROWTH PLATE
RESULTS IN BOWLEGGEDNESS
DEFICIENCY OF P OR VITAMIN D

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10
Q

SUPPURATIVE BACTERIAL ARTHRITIS

A

SEVERE, DESTRUCTIVE
FILLED WITH PUS
ANKYLOSIS- STIFF JOINT, FUSION
ET: TRUEPERELLA PYOGENES, STAPH AUREUS

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11
Q

OSTEOMALACIA

A

ADULTS
NEW OSTEOID NOT OSSIFED
VITAMIN D OR P DEFICIENCY

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12
Q

EBURNATION

A

DENSE
SCERLOTIC/ HARDENED
POLISHED
DUE TO INCREASED STRESS, PRESSURE

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13
Q

OSTEOMA

A

BENIGN
UNCOMMON
USUALLY ON THE HEAD

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14
Q

OSTEOPHYTES

A

OUTGROWTHS OF BONE - LOOK LIKE HOOKS

DEVELOPS DUE TO STRESS ON JOINT CAPSULE

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15
Q

ACHONDROPLASIA

A

ABSENCE OF CARTILAGE GROWTH

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16
Q

LEGG CALVE PERTHEAS DISEASE

A

NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD
LAMENESS
YOUNG TERRIERS AND POODLES, MINIS

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17
Q

WHAT IS MODELING?

A

MASS AND SHAPE ARE ALTERED
PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISM- GROWTH
DISEASE- RESPONSE TO ABNORMAL USE OR DAMAGE

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18
Q

WHAT IS REMODELING?

A

WEAR AND TEAR
MASS AND SHAPE STAY THE SAME
LINK BETWEEN FORMATION AND RESORPTION

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19
Q

DISC DISEASE

A

“SLIPPED DISC”
INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION AND MINERALIZATION
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF PARESIS IN DOGS
DASCHUND, BASSET, BULLDOGS, SHI TZU, PEKINGESE, CORGI
FAILURE TO REPAIR DISC MATRIX

20
Q

OSTEOCHONDROSIS

A

FAILURE OF ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION
FRAGILE CARTILAGE AT PHYSIS AND EPIPYHSIS
SEEN IN RAPIDLY GROWING MALES
MAY SEE FORMATION OF JOINT MOUSE

21
Q

OSTEOPOROSIS

A

REDUCTION IN BONE MASS
BONE BEING RESORBED BUT NOT FORMED
CAUSED BY CA DEFICIENCY - STIMULATES PTH TF. RESORPTION
ALSO CAUSED BY HYPERADRENOCORTICISM

22
Q

OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

A

EXTREMELY RARE INHERITED DEFECT
TYPE 1 COLLAGEN DEFECTIVE OSTEOID
CAUSES THIN, FRAGILE BONES

23
Q

SEQUESTRUM

A

OSTEOMYELITIS

NECROTIC BONE SURROUNDED BY EXUDATE

24
Q

HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOPATHY

A

PROLIFERATION OF NEW PERIOSTEAL BONE ON DIAPHYSIS OF DISTAL LIMBS (CODMANS TRIANGLE**)
ALWAYS CHECK CHEST RADS FOR METASTASIS

25
Q

SPACE OCCUPYING LESIONS OF THE VERTEBRAE

A
  1. NEOPLASIA
  2. ABSCESS
    PRESSURE ON THE SPINAL CORD— LIMB DYSFUNCTION
26
Q

OSTEOPETROSIS

A

VERY DENSE BONE BUT MORE PRONE TO FX
OSTEOCLASTS FAIL TO MODEL METAPHYSEAL BONE FROM GROWTH PLATE
BONE IS TRABECULAR
ETIOLOGY; BVDV OR INHERITED DEFECT

27
Q

DISRUPTION OF OSSIFICATION CAN LEAD TO …

A

GROWTH ARREST LINES ALONG THE METAPHYSIS

28
Q

DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE

A

AKA DEGENERATIVE ARTHRITIS, OSTEOARTHRITIS, OSTEOARTHROSIS
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE AFFECTED
DUE TO TRAUMA, DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS, ABNORMAL JOINT FUNCTION, METABOLIC DEFECT OF CARTILAGE

29
Q

EROSIVE IMMUNE MEDIATED ARTHRITIS

A

IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN SYNOVIUM
PERSISTENT RXN-PANNUS-EROSION
SMALL MIDDLE AGED BREEDS

30
Q

FIBRINOUS BACTERIAL ARTHRITIS

A

INCREASE IN VOLUME OF SYNOVIAL FLUID
PANNUS FORMATION
CHRONIC=FIBROSIS
ET- ECOLI, MYCOPLASMA, HAEMOPHILUS

31
Q

OSTEOMYELITIS

A

INFLAMMATION OF THE BONE AND MEDULLARY CAVITY

OFTEN BACTERIAL INF AT METAPHYSIS

32
Q

CRANIOMANDIBULAR OSTEOPATHY

A

BILATERAL NEW BONE GROWTH—> THICKENING OF LOWER MANDIBLE
MASTICATION PAINFUL—> MUSCLE ATROPHY
WEST HIGHLAND TERRIERS, SCOTTISH TERRIERS, CAIRN TERRIERS, GREAT DANES, BOXERS

33
Q

FUNCTIONALLY UNSTABLE WOBBLER

A

COMPRESSION OF SPINAL CORD CHANGES WITH NECK POSITION

34
Q

DISCOSPONDYLITIS

A

INTERVERTEBRAL DISC INFLAMMATION
ET: STAPH AUREUS, STREPTOCOCCI, ASPERGILLUS
TRANSMISSION: HEMATONGENOUS OR MIGRATING FOREIGN BODY

35
Q

STATIC STENOSIS IN A WOBBLER

A

COMPRESSION OF SPINAL CORD REGARDLESS OF HEAD POSIITON

36
Q

CHONDROPLASIA

A

DYSPLASIA OF CARTILAGE AT GROWTH PLATES
GROWTH PLATES CLOSE EARLY
LEADS TO DISPROPORTIONATE DWARFISM

37
Q

NAME 4 METABOLIC BONE DISORDERS

A
  1. OSTEOPOROSIS
  2. RICKETS
  3. OSTEOMALACIA
  4. FIBROUS OSTEODYSTROPHY
38
Q

FIBROUS OSTEODYSTROPHY

A

FIBROUS TISSUE REPLACES BONE AFTER RESORPTION
CAUSED BY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
LOW CA HIGH P DIET .. INCREASES PTH… RESORPTION
CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

39
Q

SPONDYLOSIS DEFORMANS

A

PRIMARY DEGENERATIVE PROCESS
OLDER BULLS, DOGS, PIGS
OSTEOPHYTES DEVELOP- ANKYLOSIS = FUSION OF THE VERTEBRAE

40
Q

INVOLUCRUM

A

OSTEOMYELITIS

CIRCLE OF REACTIVE BONE SURROUNDING SEQUESTRUM

41
Q

FIBRILTION

A

FRAYING

VERTICAL FISSURES

42
Q

HYPERTROPHIC OSTEODYSTROPHY/ METAPHYSEAL OSTEOPATHY (SAME NAME)

A

NEW BONE GROWTH ON THE METAPHYSIS DUE TO INFLAMMATION AND NECROSIS
SEEN IN RAPIDLY GROWING LARGE BREED DOGS
INCOMPLETE OSSIFICATION- BONE THICKENS AND CAUSES DEFORMITIES

43
Q

NON EROSIVE IMMUNE MEDIATED ARTHRITIS

A

SOMEONE ELSE IN THE BODY THERE IS PRIMARY IMMUNE DZ
CIRCULATING IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN SYNOVIUM
INFLAMMATION NOT PERSISTANT
NO PANNUS NO EROSION
ET: SYSTEMIC LUPIS

44
Q

VITAMIN A TOXICITY IN CATS

A

FROM EATING COW LIVER
CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS
OSTEOPHYTE FORMATION

45
Q

OSTEONECROSIS

A

NECROSIS OF BONE CAUSED BY ISCHEMIA

46
Q

WOBBLER SYNDROME

A

CERVICAL VERTEBRAL STENOTIC MYELOPATHY
VERTEBRAL MALFORMATIONS CAUSE COMPRESSION OF THE SPINAL CORD
CS:PROGRESSIVE ATAXIA, PARESIS, WOBBLING

SG 3 PATHOLOGY (6 decks)

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