pathology mid term Flashcards
pathology def:
the study of diseases
actiology def
causes/reason for disease
diff types of actiology
(3)
- predisposing factors
- exciting factor
- pathogenesis
predisposing factors def
factors that help the development of the disease
exciting factor def
direct cause of the disease
pathogenesis def
basically how the causitive agent produces changes in the tissues
pathological pic types
(2)
- gross (macroscopic)
- microscopic (histopathology)
gross picture def
changes in tissue detected by the naked eye
fate def
end result of the disease (either cured or death)
microscopic pic def
changes in tissue deteceted on microscopic examination
complications def
additional pathological changes during or after the termination of the usual course of the disease
inflammation def
local vascular, lymphatic & cellular reactions of living tissue againts an irritant
causes of inflammation
(3)
- living irritants
- non living irritants
- antigens
what are living irritants
bacteria, viruses, parasites etc
non living irritants include:
(3)
- physical: excess heat & cold
- chemical: acids, alkalies, poisons etc
- mechanical: trauma, mechanical friction etc
antigens def
cause allergic inflammation
accute inflammation def
(4)
- short duration (days-weeks)
- rapid response
- sudden onset
- fluid exudate
chronic inflammation def
(4)
- prolonged action (months-years)
- slow response
- gradual onset
- macrophages, plasma, lymphocytes etc
chemotaxis def
directed movement of polymorphonuclear leucocytes & macrophaes in the area of inflammation towards the irritant
phagocytosis
ingestion & destruction of bacteria & foreign bodies by microphages
signs & symptoms of acute inflammation:
(5)
- redness
- hotness
- swelling
- pain
- loss of function
types of acute inflammation:
(2)
- suppurative
- non suppurative
non suppurative types:
(8)
- catarrhal
- membranous
- sero-fibrinous
- fibrinous
- serous
- haemorrhagic
- necrotizing
- allergic
composition of pus
(4)
- bacteria
- liquefied necrotic tissue
- inflammatory cellular exudate
- inflammatory fluid exudate
