Pathology: Lower GI Conditions Flashcards
anal fistula
abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus
results from a break (fissure) in the wall of the anus or rectum, or from an abscess there
colonic polyps
benign growth protruding from the colon mucous membrane
predunculated, sessile
predunculated polyp
attached to the membrane by a stalk
sessile polyp
sitting directly on the mucous membrane
colorectal cancer
adenocarcinoma of the colon, rectum, or both
Crohn’s disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract
most common in the ileum and colon
a form of IBD
diverticulosis
abnormal outpouching (diverticula) in the wall of the colon
*diverticulitis is the inflammation of diverticula, and is a complication of diverticulosis
feces becomes stuck in the diverticula
dysentery
painful inflammation of the intestine often caused by a bacterial infection
from ingestion of food or water with bacteria, amoebae, or viruses
sxs: bloody stools, abdominal pain, sometimes fever
hemorrhoids
swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region
can be internal or external
pregnancy and constipation can put pressure on anal veins
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
inflammation of the colon and small intestine
Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis
ileus
loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
intussusception
telescoping of the intestines; one segment collapsed into another segment like a pirate telescope
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
group of GI symptoms without structural abnormalities in the intestines
sxs: abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation
ulcerative colitis (UC)
chronic inflammation of the colon with the presence of ulcers
volvulus
twisting of the intestine on itself
