Pathology Flashcards
Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma is found in which part of the vagina
Upper 1/3 (paramesonephric duct origin)
Theca luteum cysts area associated with which pathologies
- Complete mole
* Choriocarcinoma
Biopsy finding in a dysgerminoma/seminoma
Undifferentiated germ cells (“fried egg” appearance) with a lymphocytic infiltrate
Type of cells that can be found in a gonadoblastoma
Sertoli or granulosa cells
Characteristic biopsy finding in yolk sac tumors
Schiller-Duval bodies (papillary structure around central blood vessel - “glomerulus-like” structures)
Serologic marker of yolk sac tumors
Alpha-fetoprotein
Serologic marker of choriocarcinoma
Beta-hCG
Characteristic biopsy finding in granulosa cell tumors
Call-Exner bodies (coffee-bean shaped secretory globules)
Gene that increases breast cancer risk in both men and women
BRCA2
Gene that increases breast and ovarian cancer risk
BRCA1
Serologic marker for seminomas
Alkaline phosphatase
Characteristic biopsy finding in Leydig cell tumors
Reinke crystals (cylindrical crystalloid eosinophilic bodies in the cytoplasm)
Most common testicular cancer in elderly men
Lymphomas
Sacrococcygeal teratomas arise from which embryonic structure
Primitive streak
Fibrosis of which part of the male genitalia is seen in Klinefelter syndrome
Seminiferous tubules
Hormones that are decreased in Klinefelter syndrome
- Testosterone
* Inhibin B
Hormones that are increased in Klinefelter syndrome
- FSH
- LH
- Estrogen
Renal anomaly associated with Turner syndrome
Horseshoe kidney
Deletion of which gene results in short stature in patients with Turner syndrome
SHOX gene
Mechanism of action of the E6 gene product
Inhibits p53
Mechanism of action of E7 gene product
Inhibits RB
Most common malignant stromal tumor
Granulosa cell tumor
Biopsy finding in serous cystadenocarcinoma
Psamomma bodies and papillary structures
Serologic markers for dysgerminomas
hCG and LH
Most common cause of nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma
Most common testicular tumor in boys younger than 3 years
Yolk sac tumor
Painful, hemorrhagic, testicular mass with necrosis and a glandular/papillary morphology
Embryonal carcinoma
Failure of the testes to attach to the inner lining of the scrotum can lead to which pathology
Testicular torsion
Testicular mass comprised of immature, primitive cells that may produce glands, and with hemorrhagic necrosis
Embryonal carcinoma
Chemotherapy in this tumor can result in differentiation to another type of germ cell tumor
Embryonal carcinoma
Serologic markers for embryonal carcinoma
AFP and beta-hCG
Periareolar mass with green-brown nipple discharge
Mammary duct ectasia
Subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma that is associated with BRCA1 mutations
Medullary carcinoma
Characteristic biopsy finding of invasive lobular carcinoma
Grows in a single-file pattern, may exhibit signet cell morphology
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome is associated with what renal abnormality
Absence of kidney
Type of bone mets seen in breast cancer
Lytic and blastic
Type of breast cancer associated with Paget’s disease
Invasive or in situ ductal cell carcinoma
Fibrocystic change subtype that increases the risk for developing invasive carcinoma of the breast
Sclerosing adenosis and lobular hyperplasia with atypia
Epidemiologic profile of patients with ductal ectasia
Elderly women with a smoking history
Prenatal conditions that are associated with the development of congenital torticollis
Birth trauma and malposition of the head in utero
Metabolic disturbance in a neonate born to a diabetic mother
Transient hypoglycemia
