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Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

The hip and wrist are common sites of osteoporosis related fractures.
True or false?

A

True

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2
Q

Women are more vulnerable to osteoporosis than men because they lose bone mass more quickly as they age.
True or false?

A

True

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3
Q

Women are more susceptible to osteoporosis than men because they bear children and lactate.
True or false?

A

True

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4
Q

Bone deformity and pain are the most common symptoms of osteoporosis.
True or false?

A

False.

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5
Q

Massage may decrease bone resorption (the release of calcium from bone), leading to improved bone density.
True or false?

A

False

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6
Q

Massage using deep pressure is recommended for osteoporosis.

True or false?

A

False

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7
Q

Massage does not have significant influences on the symptoms of osteoporosis.
True or false?

A

True

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8
Q

Spinal deviation for head forward posture resulting in “hunchback”.

A

Kyphosis

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9
Q

Spinal deviation for lateral curvature of the spine.

A

Scoliosis

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10
Q

Spinal deviation for “swayback”.

A

Lordosis

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11
Q

Spinal deviation for “c-curves”.

A

Scoliosis

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12
Q

Spinal deviation for “s-curves”.

A

Scoliosis

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13
Q

Spinal deviation for “humpback”.

A

Kyphosis

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14
Q

Spinal deviation for “saddleback”.

A

Lordosis

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15
Q

An exaggeration of the normal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine.

A

Lordosis

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16
Q

An exaggeration of the normal posterior curvature of the thoracic spine.

A

Kyphosis

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17
Q

Patellar tracking disorder or runner’s knee, is also known as ________________.

A

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

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18
Q

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome is most commonly seen in young athletes involved in sports (running, soccer, tennis) due to overuse or injury; it is also common in adults over 65.
True or false?

A

True

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19
Q

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is characterized by pain and _________.

A

Crepitus

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20
Q

Massage on hamstrings and quadriceps are recommended with patellofemoral pain syndrome, even when the knee is inflamed or tender.
True or false?

A

False

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21
Q

Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis:

Progressive damage and eventual loss of articular cartilage

A

Osteoarthritis

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22
Q

Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis:

The course of this disease is marked by exacerbation so and remissions.

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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23
Q

Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis:

Pain is relieved by rest; as the disease progresses, pain, joint stiffness, and decreased ROM become more severe.

A

Osteoarthritis

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24
Q

Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis:

Bouchard nodes or Heberden nodes are classic signs.

A

Osteoarthritis

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25
Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis: | Chronic, inflammatory, and systemic type of arthritis in which joint synovial membranes are destroyed.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
26
Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis: | Hand deformities, such as ulnar deviation, swan neck deformity, and boutonnière deformity are signs.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
27
Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis: Begins with general inflammation and fever, fatigue, stiffness and aching; over time, affected joints become deformed and joint motion is lost.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
28
Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pain relieved by rest; as the disease progresses, pain, joint stiffness and decreased range of motion become more severe.
Osteoarthritis
29
What is Gouty Arthritis?
It is a type of inflammatory arthritis resulting from the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints.
30
The first symptom of Gouty arthritis is usually pain in the ________________.
1st metatarsal phalangeal joint
31
With gout, massage can be performed if the client is feverish or nauseated as long as affected joints are avoided. True or false?
False
32
Application of heat packs can be beneficial to reduce inflammation. True or false?
False.
33
Fibromyalgia Syndrome vs Myofascial Pain Syndrome: | Triggerpoints
Myofascial pain syndrome
34
Fibromyalgia Syndrome vs Myofascial Pain Syndrome: | Tender points
Fibromyalgia syndrome
35
Fibromyalgia Syndrome vs Myofascial Pain Syndrome: | Referral pain
Myofascial pain syndrome
36
Fibromyalgia Syndrome vs Myofascial Pain Syndrome: | Mental and physical fatigue
Fibromyalgia syndrome
37
Fibromyalgia Syndrome vs Myofascial Pain Syndrome: | Frequently begins in a localized area, and then becomes more generalized.
Fibromyalgia syndrome
38
Osgood-Schlatter Disease is a patellar tendinitis in the immature bone at the _____________ where the quadriceps attach.
Tibial tuberosity
39
Osgood-Schlatter Disease is seen in children 11 to 13 years of age who participate in sports such as soccer, or basketball. True or false?
True
40
Osgood-Schlatter Disease is more common in girls than boys. True or false?
False
41
The etiology of Osgood-Schlatter Disease is inflammation of the bursa around the patellar tendon. True or false?
False
42
Osgood-Schlatter Disease is caused by the cartilage on the posterior aspect of the patella being worn out. True or false?
False
43
Osgood-Schlatter Disease is marked by localized pain and inflammation that increases with activity involving excessive flexion/extension, or direct trauma.
Extension
44
The most frequent cause of whiplash is injury from being pushed or struck from behind such as being rear ended in a motor vehicle accident. True or false?
True
45
Massage is appropriate right after the whiplash occurs. True or false?
False
46
Massage for whiplash is appropriate after contraindicated injuries have been ruled out, even within 72 hours after the initial injury or acute stage. True or false?
False
47
Massage is contra indicated if the client does not have any whiplash signs or symptoms.
False
48
Compartment syndrome's arise when pressure within the fascial compartment increases. Most compartment syndrome's involve the leg. Which compartments of the leg are most frequently involved?
Anterior compartment and superficial posterior compartment
49
Shinsplints is the term used to describe any pain along the tibia/fibula.
Tibia
50
Shinsplints is often unilateral/bilateral and is common among people who participate in sports that involve running and jumping.
Bilateral
51
Shinsplints are frequently caused by rapidly increased pressure within a fascial compartment. True or false?
False
52
What does ICE stand for?
Ice, compression and elevation.
53
Shinsplints, if not resolved, can be a precursor to anterior compartment syndrome. Which of the following muscles are most frequently involved in shinsplints?
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucus longus, extensor digitorum longus.
54
Osteoporosis mainly affects men because they have lower bone density than women. True or false?
False
55
Chondromalacia patella is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Patellofemoral syndrome
56
The term "swayback" is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Lordosis
57
The term "flatfoot" is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Pes planus
58
The term degenerative joint disease is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Osteoarthritis
59
The term humpback is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Kyphosis
60
The term medial tibial stress syndrome is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Shin splints
61
Tennis elbow is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Lateral epicondylitis
62
Frozen shoulder is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Adhesive capsulitis
63
Tibial tuberosity apophysitis is synonymous with which spinal deviation?
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
64
Metabolic arthritis is synonymous with which spinal deviation or pathology?
Gout
65
A progressive, degenerative neurological disorder that produces a syndrome of abnormal movements such as resting tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural abnormalities, and mask like appearance.
Parkinson's disease
66
Nerves in the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex atrophy.
Huntington's disease
67
A progressive, degenerative disease of the brain that produces a typical profile of mental deterioration and personality changes.
Alzheimer's disease
68
A progressive destruction of myelin sheaths of neurons of the brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves; especially the optic nerve.
Multiple sclerosis
69
Neurons in the basal ganglia undergo degenerative changes.
Parkinson's disease
70
A form of dementia
Alzheimer's disease
71
And inherited degenerative disorder characterized by motor disturbances, mental deterioration, and abnormal behavior.
Huntington's disease
72
Splinting is a type of spasm that is a reflexive reaction against injury. True or false?
True
73
Muscles in spasm as part of a splinting mechanism should be locally avoided until the subacute or post acute stage of injury. True or false?
True
74
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve
Sciatica
75
A neurological condition of the fascial nerve
Bells palsy
76
Compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel
Carpal tunnel syndrome
77
Compression of nerves in the brachioplexus alone or along with the subclavian artery and vein.
Thoracic outlet syndrome
78
Low back pain that radiates into the buttocks, down the legs, and into the foot; paralysis; muscle weakness.
Sciatica
79
Pain and paraesthesias down the affected arm; muscle weakness.
TOS
80
Pain and paraesthesias in the lateral side of the affected hands and fingers; muscle weakness; muscle atrophy in severe or chronic cases.
Carpal tunnel syndrome
81
Weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face.
Bells palsy.
82
The inflammation of the tendon
Tendinitis
83
The inflammation of the tendon where it attaches to a bone; the most commonly affected epicondylar region is the elbow.
Epicondylitis
84
The loss of normal bone density.
Osteoporosis
85
A softening and D generation of the articular cartilage, most frequently on the posterior patella.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
86
A pouch like structure filled with snow feel fluid arising from joint capsules or tendon sheaths, usually on the wrist.
Ganglion cyst
87
And accumulation of synovial fluid behind the knee.
Baker's cyst
88
The inflammation involves tendon and the sheath surrounding the tendon.
Tenosynovitis
89
A post filled with keratinous material such as sebum,usually found on the scalp, face, base of ears, or chest.
Epidermal cyst
90
A disorder of the shoulder joint and it's capsule, which becomes initially inflamed and eventually stiff or frozen.
Adhesive capsulitis
91
A condition in which pressure within the fascial compartment increases; the increased pressure results in decreased blood supply and ischemia.
Compartment syndrome
92
A chronic disease characterized by thickening or hardening of the skin; it is caused by overproduction of collagen.
Scleroderma

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