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ENT > pathology > Flashcards

pathology Flashcards

1
Q

what glands are in the external ear canal?

A

sebaceous and ceruminous glands

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2
Q

what glands are in the external ear canal?

A

sebaceous and ceruminous glands

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3
Q

what is otitis media?

A

inflammation of middle ear

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4
Q

cholesteatoma- what can cause this?

A

chronic otitis media and perforated tympanic membrane

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5
Q

normal lining of middle ear?

A

cuboidal or columnar glandular epithelium

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6
Q

associated with vestibular nerve
occur within temporal bone
represnet 80-90% cerebellopontine tumours angle tumours?
95% sporadic an unilateral?

A

vestibular schwannoma

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7
Q

if bilateral vetsibulaer schwannoma and young?

A

neurofibromatosis type 2

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8
Q

cafe au lait spots
axillart freckles
lisch nodules

A

neurofibromatosis type 2

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9
Q

causes of nasal polpys?

A

infection
allergy
asthma
nickle exposure

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10
Q

nasal polpys in young person, what should you consider?

A

cystic fibrosis

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11
Q

autoimmune disorder of unknown cause

small vessel vasculitis in resp tract and kidneys

A

wegners granulomatosis

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12
Q

cANCA positive

A

wegners granulomatosis

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13
Q

most common malignant nose tumour?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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14
Q

types of benign nose tumour?

A

squamous papillomas

angiofirbomas

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15
Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma is high where?

A

far east

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16
Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with what?

A

Epstein Barr Virus! (EBV)

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17
Q

seen in Hodgkins lymphoma and Burkihs lymphoma

A

EBV

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18
Q

what causes laryngeal polpys?

A

change in mucosa, secondary to vocal cord abuse , infection and smoking

polpys are unilateral and pedunculated

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19
Q

squamous papilloma peak incidencecs?

A
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20
Q

what is squamous papilloma related to?

A

HPV exposure (type 6 and 11)

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21
Q

tumours arising in clusters of neuroendocrine cells dispersed throughout body?

A

paraganglioma

22
Q

chromaffin postive paraganglioma affects what?

A

sympathetic nervous sytem- can secrete catecholamines

23
Q

chromaffin negative paraganglioma affects what?

A

carotid bodies and aortic bodies

24
Q

is squamous cell carcinoma relateed to HPV exposure?

A

yes- type 16

25
Q

tumours in large glands are likely to be..?

A

benign

26
Q

tumours in minor glands are likely to be malignant?

A

yes

27
Q

where is warthins tumour most common? its benign

A

parotid gland

28
Q

what is otitis media?

A

inflammation of middle ear

29
Q

cholesteatoma- what can cause this?

A

chronic otitis media and perforated tympanic membrane

30
Q

normal lining of middle ear?

A

cuboidal or columnar glandular epithelium

31
Q

associated with vestibular nerve
occur within temporal bone
represnet 80-90% cerebellopontine tumours angle tumours?
95% sporadic an unilateral?

A

vestibular schwannoma

32
Q

if bilateral vetsibulaer schwannoma and young?

A

neurofibromatosis type 2

33
Q

cafe au lait spots
axillart freckles
lisch nodules

A

neurofibromatosis type 2

34
Q

causes of nasal polpys?

A

infection
allergy
asthma
nickle exposure

35
Q

nasal polpys in young person, what should you consider?

A

cystic fibrosis

36
Q

autoimmune disorder of unknown cause

small vessel vasculitis in resp tract and kidneys

A

wegners granulomatosis

37
Q

cANCA positive

A

wegners granulomatosis

38
Q

most common malignant nose tumour?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

39
Q

types of benign nose tumour?

A

squamous papillomas

angiofirbomas

40
Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma is high where?

A

far east

41
Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with what?

A

Epstein Barr Virus! (EBV)

42
Q

seen in Hodgkins lymphoma and Burkihs lymphoma

A

EBV

43
Q

what causes laryngeal polpys?

A

change in mucosa, secondary to vocal cord abuse , infection and smoking

polpys are unilateral and pedunculated

44
Q

squamous papilloma peak incidencecs?

A
45
Q

what is squamous papilloma related to?

A

HPV exposure (type 6 and 11)

46
Q

tumours arising in clusters of neuroendocrine cells dispersed throughout body?

A

paraganglioma

47
Q

chromaffin postive paraganglioma affects what?

A

sympathetic nervous sytem- can secrete catecholamines

48
Q

chromaffin negative paraganglioma affects what?

A

carotid bodies and aortic bodies

49
Q

is squamous cell carcinoma relateed to HPV exposure?

A

yes- type 16

50
Q

tumours in large glands are likely to be..?

A

benign

51
Q

tumours in minor glands are likely to be malignant?

A

yes

52
Q

where is warthins tumour most common? its benign

A

parotid gland

ENT (9 decks)

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