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CDP > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Name of the imaging technique where a microscope is used to visualize cellular changes on the cervix

A

Colposcopy

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2
Q

Which CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasm) levels correspond with LSIL and HSIL?

A

LSIL: CIN 1

HSIL: CIN 2, CIN 3

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3
Q

What type of sample is required for the confirmation of herpes lesions?

A

Tzanck preparation
- requires the scraping of a freshly opened vesicle

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4
Q

ACS screening guidelines for cervical cancer

A

25 to 65: HPV every 5 years

(or HPV with PAP every 5 or PAP every 3)

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5
Q

Two screening tests for cervical cancer

A
  • Pap smear
  • HPV testing
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6
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma is most often seen in this area of a bone

A

Metadiaphysis

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7
Q

Electron microscopy is a useful pathology examination tool for these three types of difficult diagnoses

A
  • Poorly differentiated neoplasms
  • Tumor classification
  • Research
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8
Q

Three criteria for a fever of unknown origin

A
  • Fever higher than 38.3c on several occasions
  • Duration of fever for at least three weeks
  • Uncertain diagnosis after one week of hospital study
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9
Q

True or false. Tissue fixation and staining is not utilized in frozen sectioning of tissue samples and results are available in 10 to 20 minutes

A

True

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10
Q

Ewing sarcoma most often occurs in patients of this age

A

10 to 20

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11
Q

Which pathologic examination technique is used for the confirmation of herpes?

A

Tzanck preparation
- uses freshly opened vesicles

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12
Q

Which type of skin specimens are better than culture at screening for fungal infection?

A

KOH scrapings

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13
Q

Which type of pathology examination utilizes antibody binding to show the presence of an antigen?

A

Immunofluorescence

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14
Q

This type of pathology examination is used for the immediate diagnosis of syphilis

A

Darkfield examination

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15
Q

What is seen on a tzanck preparation to confirm the diagnosis of herpes?

A

Multinucleated giant cells

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16
Q

Moth-eaten destructive permeated lucent lesions seen on x-ray is suggestive of this condition

A

Ewing sarcoma

17
Q

Explain the process of darkfield examination and what it’s used for

A
  • Curettage scraping of ulcer
  • Requires darkfield microscopy
  • Immediate diagnosis of syphilis
18
Q

Most common bone to see Ewing’s sarcoma

A

Femur

19
Q

Explain the process of obtaining a scabies scraping

A
  • # 15 blade moistened with oil
  • Scrape burrow or papule vigorously
  • Black speck may be adult mite
20
Q

Which type of lesions are KOH scrapings typically used on?

A

Scaly lesions

(KOH good for fungal infections)

21
Q

How to confirm bacteremia with a blood culture?

A
  • MUST have two different culture specimens from two different sites
  • If only one sample produces bacteria, assume contamination
  • Two positives = confirmed bacteremia
  • Cultures should be performed before antibiotic therapy is started
22
Q

What are the two fixatives of choice to stop the decay of tissue specimens?

A
  • Formaldehyde
  • Formalin
23
Q

What is the most common abnormal PAP test finding?

A

Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US)

24
Q

This pathology examination technique is used to differentiate lymphomas, melanomas, CMV, toxoplasma, hormone receptors, oncogene products, etc

A

Immunofluorescence

25
Q

Most common type of carcinoma in cervical cancer

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

26
Q

USPSTF screening guidelines for cervical cancer

A
  • 21 to 29 = PAP every 3 years
  • 30 to 65 = continue as above or HPV with/without PAP every 5 years
27
Q

Which type of pathology examination utilizes ultra-thin sections, with specimens embedded in hard epoxy resins?

A

Electron microscopy

28
Q

On pap smear, atypical glandular cells (AGC) are detected. What is the next step?

A
  • AGC can be a sign of a serious problem in the uterus
  • Further testing required
29
Q

On pap smear, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) are detected. What is the next step?

A
  • HPV test
  • If positive, need follow up tests

CDP (13 decks)

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