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Practical - Y2B2 - (Musculoskeletal) 📗 > Pathology 🩺 > Flashcards

Pathology 🩺 Flashcards

1
Q

what Contributes in the formation of bones?

A

Bone tissue along other connective tissue like cartilage, fibrous tissue, fat, blood vessels, nerves, and hemopoietic tissue

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2
Q

what is the structural component of bones?

A

bone tissue

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3
Q

structure of bones

A
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4
Q

Composition Of bones

A
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5
Q

What is the shape of collagen bundles of lamellar bone?

A

Long and parallel to each other

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6
Q

What is the shape of collagen bundles of woven bone?

A

Short and irregular arrangement

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7
Q

osteocytes of lamellar bone

A

Few, uniform, parallel to collagen bundles

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8
Q

osteocytes of woven bone

A

Numerous, variable in size and shape, irregularly arranged

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8
Q

what is the site of lamellar bone?

A

All bones of the adult skeleton

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9
Q

what is the site of woven bone?

A

In developing fetus & in pathological conditions

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10
Q

what are the characters and functions of lamellar bone?

A
  • Slowly produced
  • Highly organized
  • Very strong
  • Supports body weight
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11
Q

what are the characters and functions of woven bone?

A
  • Rapidly produced
  • Less organized
  • Low tensile strength
  • Temporary support till lamellar bone is formed
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12
Q

compare between lamellar and woven bone

A
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12
Q

what is the site of osteochondroma?

A
  • Common in femur, tibia, humerus, pelvis.
  • Cortex of metaphysis
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13
Q

what is osteochondroma formed of?

A

The tumor is formed of three layers:
- Pericondrioum.
- Hyaline cartilage.
- Trabeculae of woven bone with bone marrow spaces in between.

(Both bone and cartilage are of benign nature)

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14
Q

specimen of osteochondroma

A

A Bony Swelling

15
Q

what is the shape of osteochondroma?

A
  • Oval, polypoidal (wide from below and narrow from the upper part of the specimen).
  • The narrow part (pedicle) was the site of attachment to the original bone.
16
Q

surface of osteochondroma

A

Smooth and lobulated.

17
Q

color of osteochondroma

A

Bluish gray.

18
Q

consistency of osteochondroma

A

Hard

19
Q

Cut surface of osteochondroma

A

Shows a core of cancellous bone covered by a bluish cartilagenous cap.

20
Q

what is the site of chondrosarcoma?

A
  • Common in pelvis, ribs, femur, humerus, vertebrae.
  • Central: medulla of diaphysis
  • Peripheral: cortex or periosteum of metaphysis
21
Q

what forms chondrosarcoma?

A

Tumor is formed of:

  • Lobules of cartilage showing: Bluish chondroid matrix & increased cellularity.
  • The cells (chondrocytes) are present in lacunae. There are more than one cell in the same lacuna.
  • The cells show features of malignancy ( large hyperchromatic nuclei, pleomorphism and mitotic activity).
22
Q

what is a specimen taken for chondrosarcoma of ribs?

A

Mass on the chest wall (Parts of ribs seen in the back of the specimen)

23
Q

description of chondrosarcoma of ribs

A

Description :
- Site : ribs.
- Size : 8x6 cm.
- Shape : ovoid.
- Consistency: firm.
- Color : faint blue with necrosis and hemorrhage.
- The bluish colour indicates the cartilaginous origin
- Hemorrhage and necrosis are in favor of malignancy .

24
Q

what is the site of Giant cell tumor of bone?

A
  • Common in femur, tibia, radius.
  • Epiphysis and metaphysis
25
Q

what is Giant cell tumor of bone formed of?

A

The tumor formed of:

  • Multinucleated giant cells which are uniformly distributed . These are reactive cells.
  • Stromal cells: In between the giant cells there are mononucleated spindle or oval cells. These are neoplastic cells.
  • Very little or no stroma, Hemorrhage and necrosis.
26
Q

what is the site of Ameloblastoma of the mandible?

A

The molar region of the mandible is the seat of a swelling

27
Q

description of Ameloblastoma of the mandible

A
  • (Oval, 8x6 cm in size & project outwards )
  • On bisection, multiple cystic cavities which are:
    1.Variable in size & shape
    2.Contain fluid of motor oil appearance
  • Most of the mandible is destroyed & replaced by the lesion
28
Q

description of Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)

A
  • The synovium is thickened.
  • The inner surface shows many outgrowths. (villous & nodular structures)
  • They have a rusty brown discoloration due to hemosiderin deposition
29
Q

site of Giant cell Tumor of tendon sheath (localized)

A
  • The base of the mounted fingers shows a circumscribed mass
30
Q

description of Giant cell Tumor of tendon sheath (localized)

A
  • Oval in shape.
  • 10x6 cm in size
  • Firm in consistency
31
Q

cut section of Giant cell Tumor of
tendon sheath (localized)

A

grayish white tissue, black hemorrhagic areas admixed with yellow necrotic areas.

32
Q

State of the neighboring tendon to Giant cell Tumor of
tendon sheath (localized)

A

The neighboring tendon is free

Practical - Y2B2 - (Musculoskeletal) 📗 (7 decks)

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