Pathology 🩺 Flashcards
what Contributes in the formation of bones?
Bone tissue along other connective tissue like cartilage, fibrous tissue, fat, blood vessels, nerves, and hemopoietic tissue
what is the structural component of bones?
bone tissue
structure of bones
Composition Of bones
What is the shape of collagen bundles of lamellar bone?
Long and parallel to each other
What is the shape of collagen bundles of woven bone?
Short and irregular arrangement
osteocytes of lamellar bone
Few, uniform, parallel to collagen bundles
osteocytes of woven bone
Numerous, variable in size and shape, irregularly arranged
what is the site of lamellar bone?
All bones of the adult skeleton
what is the site of woven bone?
In developing fetus & in pathological conditions
what are the characters and functions of lamellar bone?
- Slowly produced
- Highly organized
- Very strong
- Supports body weight
what are the characters and functions of woven bone?
- Rapidly produced
- Less organized
- Low tensile strength
- Temporary support till lamellar bone is formed
compare between lamellar and woven bone
what is the site of osteochondroma?
- Common in femur, tibia, humerus, pelvis.
- Cortex of metaphysis
what is osteochondroma formed of?
The tumor is formed of three layers:
- Pericondrioum.
- Hyaline cartilage.
- Trabeculae of woven bone with bone marrow spaces in between.
(Both bone and cartilage are of benign nature)
specimen of osteochondroma
A Bony Swelling
what is the shape of osteochondroma?
- Oval, polypoidal (wide from below and narrow from the upper part of the specimen).
- The narrow part (pedicle) was the site of attachment to the original bone.
surface of osteochondroma
Smooth and lobulated.
color of osteochondroma
Bluish gray.
consistency of osteochondroma
Hard
Cut surface of osteochondroma
Shows a core of cancellous bone covered by a bluish cartilagenous cap.
what is the site of chondrosarcoma?
- Common in pelvis, ribs, femur, humerus, vertebrae.
- Central: medulla of diaphysis
- Peripheral: cortex or periosteum of metaphysis
what forms chondrosarcoma?
Tumor is formed of:
- Lobules of cartilage showing: Bluish chondroid matrix & increased cellularity.
- The cells (chondrocytes) are present in lacunae. There are more than one cell in the same lacuna.
- The cells show features of malignancy ( large hyperchromatic nuclei, pleomorphism and mitotic activity).
what is a specimen taken for chondrosarcoma of ribs?
Mass on the chest wall (Parts of ribs seen in the back of the specimen)
description of chondrosarcoma of ribs
Description :
- Site : ribs.
- Size : 8x6 cm.
- Shape : ovoid.
- Consistency: firm.
- Color : faint blue with necrosis and hemorrhage.
- The bluish colour indicates the cartilaginous origin
- Hemorrhage and necrosis are in favor of malignancy .
what is the site of Giant cell tumor of bone?
- Common in femur, tibia, radius.
- Epiphysis and metaphysis
what is Giant cell tumor of bone formed of?
The tumor formed of:
- Multinucleated giant cells which are uniformly distributed . These are reactive cells.
- Stromal cells: In between the giant cells there are mononucleated spindle or oval cells. These are neoplastic cells.
- Very little or no stroma, Hemorrhage and necrosis.
what is the site of Ameloblastoma of the mandible?
The molar region of the mandible is the seat of a swelling
description of Ameloblastoma of the mandible
- (Oval, 8x6 cm in size & project outwards )
- On bisection, multiple cystic cavities which are:
1.Variable in size & shape
2.Contain fluid of motor oil appearance - Most of the mandible is destroyed & replaced by the lesion
description of Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)
- The synovium is thickened.
- The inner surface shows many outgrowths. (villous & nodular structures)
- They have a rusty brown discoloration due to hemosiderin deposition
site of Giant cell Tumor of tendon sheath (localized)
- The base of the mounted fingers shows a circumscribed mass
description of Giant cell Tumor of tendon sheath (localized)
- Oval in shape.
- 10x6 cm in size
- Firm in consistency
cut section of Giant cell Tumor of
tendon sheath (localized)
grayish white tissue, black hemorrhagic areas admixed with yellow necrotic areas.
State of the neighboring tendon to Giant cell Tumor of
tendon sheath (localized)
The neighboring tendon is free
