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MSK > Pathologies > Flashcards

Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Ankylosis spondylitis

A

Arthritis that causes inflammation in the joints and ligaments of the spine. Over time it can cause vertebrae to fuse.

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2
Q

Spinal stenosis

A

Narrowing of the spinal canal. Caused by: herniated disc, osteoarthritis, spondylosis

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3
Q

Spondylosis

A

Generic umbrella term for steoarthritic changes in the spine

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4
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

A vertebra slips out of position - sup translates anteriorly

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5
Q

Scoliosis

A

S shaped lateral curve in the spine

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6
Q

WAD

A

Neck pain due to sudden trauma typically acceleration or deceleration force

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7
Q

What could be encompassed in non-specific back pain?

A

A condition effecting muscles, ligs, tendons, facets, IVD, joints

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8
Q

Myelopathy

A

Central cord compression; cauda equine if in lumbar spine

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9
Q

Radiculopathy

A

Lateral nerve root compression as it leaves the spine through the exit foramen

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10
Q

CAD

A

Vascular pathologies that can lead to cervico-cranial ischaemia. Causes can be atherosclerosis, vasospasms, giant cell arteritis

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11
Q

CES

A

Compression of nerves at the bottom of the SC

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12
Q

Metastatic spinal cord compression

A

Cancer spreads to SC and causes compression

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13
Q

DVT

A

Venous thrombosis involving formation of blood clot in deep vein (legs and pelvis)

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14
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

Thrombus travels through heart to pulmonary system into pulmonary arteries

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15
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

autoimmune disease causing inflammation of the joints in the lining. Has an extra-articular involvement whereas OA is cartilage in the joint degenerates and can’t withstand the load

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16
Q

Infection

A

foreign pathogen multiplies within the body enough to produce harmful effects. Red, swollen, pus, fever, fatigue, muscle pain

17
Q

fracture

A

Break in bone. Unable to wb, red, swollen, bruised, lof

18
Q

RED-S

A

A condition where disordered eating (or low energy availability) and decreased bone mineral density is present (osteoporosis, penia). increases risk of stress fractures

19
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Low low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue leading to chronic fragility

20
Q

Osteopenia

A

Protein and mineral content of bone tissue is reduced (less so than osteoporosis)

21
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Chronic joint condition where joints are damaged and swollen. Cartilage degenerates so bones are closer together and cannot absorb shock

22
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Chronic widespread pain and tenderness in the body with an idiopathic cause.

23
Q

Tendinopathy

A

Pain or dysfunction associated with any tendon with inflammatory and degenerative features. Typically due to overload

24
Q

Fasciopathy or fasciitis

A

Inflammation of fascia . Can be due to thickening or degeneration.

25
Q

Rotator cuff related SP

A

Umbrella term for rc teninopathy, tears, sub-acromegaly pain syndrome . Due to compression, overuse and underuse

26
Q

Strains

A

Torn collagen of muscle fibre due to overstretch or over-contraction of a muscle

27
Q

Dystonia

A

Neurological hyperkinetic movement causing repetitive movements or abnormal fixed postures

28
Q

FAI

A

Morphological abnormalities of the acetabulum or femur combined its vigorous hip movement can cause damage to soft tissue. Cam, pincer or combined

29
Q

Sprain

A

Tear to ligament

30
Q

Frozen shoulder

A

Inflammatory condition initially painful and progressivelyrestrictive GH rom with spontaneous recovery.
Capsular pattern. Loss of ER

31
Q

Meniscal disorders

A

Acute or degenerative tears to cartilage

32
Q

PFPS

A

Pain from patellofemoral joint or adjacent ST

33
Q

Shoulder instability

A

Tendency to dislocate or sublux due to labrum or ligament stretching or tearing

34
Q

Sciatica

A

Nerve irritated or compressed

MSK (3 decks)

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