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NMS 1 Exam 2 > Pathological Reflexes > Flashcards

Pathological Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

When do pathological reflexes start to receed?

A

Once myelin is complete then we are able to get messages from the brain down from long tracts, diminishing pathological reflexes @ ~ 6 months old

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2
Q

What is the segmental the spinal tract associated with all pathological reflexes?

A

corticospinal tract

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3
Q

Which pathological reflex test is performed by a sharp forcible flick by the Dr’s thumb against the patients middle or index finger?

A

Hoffmann sign

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4
Q

What is seen with a positive hoffmann’s sign?

A

Flexion of the fingers and adduction of the thumb (CLAWING)

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5
Q

What does a positive hoffmann’s sign indicate?

A

UMNL above C5 in the corticospinal tract

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6
Q

How is the Tromner sign tested?

A

Tap the volar surface of the middle finger

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7
Q

What is seen in a positive tromner sign?

A

flexion of the fingers and adduction of the thumb (CLAWING)

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8
Q

What is indicated by a postitive tromner sign?

A

UMNL above C5 in the corticospinal tract

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9
Q

In what pathological reflex test do you tap the ball of the foor or tap the tips of the toes?

A

Rossolimo sign of the foot

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10
Q

What is seen with a positive rossolimo sign of the foot?

A

Plantar flexion of the toes

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11
Q

What does a positive rossolimo sign of the foot indicate?

A

UMNL

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12
Q

What is seen with a normal babinski sign?

A

plantar flexion of toes and foot

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13
Q

What is seen with an abnormal babinski sign?

A

dorsiflexion of the great toe and flaring of the other toes

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14
Q

what is indicated with a abnormal babinski reflex?

A

UMNL

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15
Q

What pathological reflex test is performed by stroking the lateral malleolus from heel to toe?

A

Chaddock sign

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16
Q

What does a normal response to chaddocks sign look like?

A

No motion of toes and foot

17
Q

What does an abnormal response to chaddock’s sign look like?

A

dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes

18
Q

What does an abnormal chaddocks sign mean?

A

there is an UMNL

19
Q

What pathological reflex is performed by stroking the anterior tibial surface from superior to inferior?

A

Oppenheim sign

20
Q

What is the normal response to the oppenheim sign reflex test?

A

No motion of toes and foot

21
Q

What is an abnormal response to the oppenheim sign reflex test?

A

dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes

22
Q

What does an abnormal response to oppenheim sign mean?

A

UMNL

23
Q

What pathological reflex test is performed by squeezing the calf?

A

Gordon Sign

24
Q

What is the normal pathological reflex response to gordon sign?

A

no motion of toes and foot

25
Q

What is the abnormal response to gordon sign?

A

dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes

26
Q

What does an abnormal gordon sign mean?

A

UMNL

27
Q

What pathological reflex is tested by squeezing the achilles?

A

Schaefer sign

28
Q

What is the normal response to the schafer sign?

A

no motion of toes and foot

29
Q

What is the abnormal response the to schaefer sign?

A

dorsiflexion of great toe and flaring of the other toes

30
Q

What does an abnormal response to schaefer sign mean?

A

UMNL

31
Q

What is clonus?

A

continuous involuntary rapid flexion & extension of a muscle while a joint is under sustained resistance

32
Q

What two things can a clonus be due to?

A
  1. rapid fire elicitation of the muscle stretch reflexes
  2. UMNL
33
Q

Where is clonus commonly seen?

A

wrist, knee, ankle

34
Q
A

NMS 1 Exam 2 (5 decks)

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