Pathogens/ Disease Flashcards
What are the 3 way white bloods defend the body against disease?
Engulf pathogens
Releasing anti toxins
Releasing antibodies
Name bacterial disease..
Cholera
TB
Food Poisoning
Name virus diseases…
Sore throat
Cold
Chickenpox
Mumps
Describe the process of antibiotic resistance
Antibiotics is prescribed to fight the infection
One of the bacteria mutates and becomes resistant.
The antibiotics kill all the non resistant
The resistant strain reproduces
A different antibiotic has to be prescribed to kill them off
What are the bodies defence mechanisms against disease?
Scabs form on cuts Skin Stomach acid Mucus Earwax Hair antiseptic
Describe what viruses do to make you feel ill!
1- Fix onto body cells
2- injects into cell and the virus genes take over the DNA
3- the cell makes copies
4- the cell bursts and the virus’ are released into the body
What happens when a white blood cells ingests a pathogen?
- engulfs pathogen
- enzymes in the white blood cell attack the pathogen, breaking it down
- microbe is destroyed
What are the steps to releasing antibodies?
1- Pathogens that enter the body have antigens on them
2- white blood cell detects pathogen and send matching antibodies to destroy it
3- takes time because correct antibody needs to be made
4 - antibodies fit onto antigen perfectly and destroy it
What are the steps to releasing anti toxins?
Bacteria release toxins to make you feel bad
White blood cells release antitoxins to counteract the toxins
What was Semmeleis discovery?
He noticed many women dying of child bed fever after giving birth
He noticed students were not washing their hands between patients
A doctor died from child bed fever symtoms after he cut himself
He realised that washing your hands helped prevent spread of infectious disease
What sort of disease do antibiotics treat?
Bacterial
What is important about MRSA?
It has become resistant to methicillin
Why are antibiotices not always prescribed?
To slow down the development of resistant strains
What are the advantages of vaccines?
Has helped to stop disease (smallpox no longer exists)
Epidemics can be prevented if a large population is vaccinated because it cannot be passed on easily
When investigating disinfectants what 3 things should be done to make sure it isn’t contaminated?
Petri dish and culture media must be sterilised
Innocutlating hoop must be sterilised by flame
The lid of the petri dish shold be taped on to prevent microorganisms from the air contaminating
