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Bio 19 > Pathogens and infectious diseases > Flashcards

Pathogens and infectious diseases Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

sphere shaped bacteria

A

coccus

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2
Q

corkscrew shaped bacteria

A

spirillum

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3
Q

bacteria found in pairs

A

diplo-

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4
Q

bacteria found in chains

A

strepto-

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5
Q

bacteria found in grape like clusters

A

staphylo

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6
Q

What allows a bacteria to move and looks like a tail

A

flagellum

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7
Q

what are the only organelles in bacteria

A

ribosomes

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8
Q

what controls what comes in and out of the bacterium?

A

cell membrane

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9
Q

what gives the bacteria shape and support?

A

cell wall

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10
Q

how do bacteria preform conjugation

A

the pili exchanges dna between two organisms

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11
Q

how do bacteria grow in ideal conditions

A

exponentially

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12
Q

how to bacteria reproduce asexually

A

binary fission

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13
Q

how do bacteria help us

A

decomposers
sewage plants
food industry
clean up oil spills

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14
Q

what kingdoms to bacteria belong to

A

Archaebacteria

Eubacteria

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15
Q

how do bacteria get energy

A

autototrophic and heterotrophic organisms

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16
Q

how many chromosomes does a bacteria have

A

one

17
Q

what is an adaption some bacteria use to survive during harsh conditions

A

endospores

18
Q

What medicines are used to cure a disease by a bacteria?

A

antibiotics

19
Q

what is an antibiotic resistant bacteria, how can u lower your chance of getting them?

A

it is harder to kill with antibiotics

more are made when u dont finish the prescribed time to take an antibiotic

20
Q

Wha are the types of direct transmission of an infectious disease?

A

Person to Person (body fluids)
Animal to Person (bite scratch)
Mother to Fetus (aids hepatitis)

21
Q

what are the types of indirect transmission

A 
Air born (flu,  common cold)
vector born ,  carried by an organism that doesn't have the disease ( lyme disease)
water born (cholera)
food borne (ecoli, salmonella)
22
Q

what is the Germ Theory

A

one micro organism causes one disease in an organism

23
Q

who was Louis Pasteur

A

created the pasteurization process- heating wine to kill bacteria.

came up with germ theory by proving germs from the air caused wine to go sour

24
Q

rod shaped bacteria

A

bacillus

25
Q

what arguments can be made to say a virus is an organism

A

Viruses are able to evolve

Viruses can reproduce

Viruses contain genetic material

26
Q

what arguments can be made to say a virus is not an organism

A

Viruses depend on other living cells in order to reproduce

Viruses are not made of cells

Viruses do not need or obtain energy

27
Q

What is the capsid of a virus

A

The capsid is similiar to the cell wall and determines the shape of the virus

28
Q

What are viruses named for

A

the disease they cause

the type of body they infect

29
Q

Describe the lytic cycle and its steps

A

In the lytic cycle

ATTACHMENT The virus attaches to the host cell

ENTRY the viruses dna is inserted into the host cell

REPLICATION Host cell dna is destroyed and viral nucleic acid and proteins are made

ASSEMBLY New Viruses are put together

LYSIS AND RELEASE Viruses break out of the host cell

30
Q

Describe the lysogenic cycle and its steps

A

ATTACHMENT AND ENTRY LIKE LYTIC CYCLE

VIRAL NUCLEIC ACID BECOMES PART OF HOST CELL DNA

AS THE HOST CELL CONTINUES TO REPLICATE THE DNA OF THE VIRUS IS COPIED WITH IT

SOMETIMES THE VIRUS IS ACTIVATED AND CELLS GO INTO THE LYTIC CYLCE

31
Q

what is the difference between the lysogenic cycle and the lytic cycle

A

the lytic cycle eventually goes away

the lysogenic cycle stays in an organism until its death

32
Q

What are some lytic cylce viruses

A

common cold flu ect ….

33
Q

what are some viruses that are the lysogenic cycle

A

aids Herpes 1 simplex Hepatitis B

34
Q

Wgat are the three main parts of the virus head

A

Capsid

viral envelope

Nucleic acid core

Bio 19 (5 decks)

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