Chapter 2 General chem

Question 1

proton

Answer 1

subatomic molecule in the nucleus that carries a positive charge

Question 2

nuetron

Answer 2

subatomic particle in the nucleus that carries a neutral charge

Question 3

atomic number

Answer 3

protons in an atom

Question 4

electron

Answer 4

subatomic particles that are located outside the nucleus in energy levels which carry a negative charge

Question 5

valence electrons

Answer 5

The electrons in the outer most energy level

Question 6

What defines a stable atom

Answer 6

has 8 valence electrons

Question 7

nucleus

Answer 7

made up of protons and electrons and is in the center of the atom

Question 8

Atom

Answer 8

basic unit of matter

Question 9

covalent bond

Answer 9

chemical bond where electrons are shared between atoms

Question 10

ionic bonds

Answer 10

chemical bond are transferred between atoms

Question 11

molecule

Answer 11

formed when 2 or more atoms chemically bond together

Question 12

reactants

Answer 12

the input to a chemical reaction

Question 13

products

Answer 13

the output of a chemical equation

Question 14

metabolism

Answer 14

the sum of all the reactions within an organism

Question 15

organic molecule

Answer 15

molecule that contains carbon

Question 16

inorganic molecule

Answer 16

molecule that contains no carbon

Question 17

what is ph

Answer 17

A negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

pH= -log[H+]

0-14 7 is neutral

as ph increases the negative ion concentration decreases

Question 18

acid

Answer 18

a substance that donates hydrogen ions

when dissolved in water there is more hydrogen ions then hydroxide ions.

ph

Question 19

base

Answer 19

is a substance that accepts hydrogen atoms.

when dissolved in water there is more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions.

ph > 7 (to 14)

Question 20

anabolism

Answer 20

biochemical process where simpler and smaller units come together to form complex larger molecule

Monomers -> Polymer

Question 21

Dehydration Synthesis Reaction

Answer 21

Chemical reaction the monomers combine with each other and release a water molecule from them.
Known as Polymerization

Question 22

Catabolism

Answer 22

The biochemical process in which polymers are broken down to its smaller units (monomers).

Polymer -> Monomers

Question 23

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 23

The bonds between monomers in the polymer are broken when water is added