Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

B1 GCSE CORE SCIENCE > Pathogens and disease > Flashcards

Pathogens and disease Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards Biology 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A micro-organism that causes disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is an infectious disease caused?

A

A micro-organism enters and attacks the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two main pathogens?

A

Bacteria and Viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

`Which pathogen is single celled?

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is bacteria useful for?

A

Making yoghurt and cheese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do pathogens cause disease? (3 marks)

A

Pathogens reproduce quickly.
Bacteria splits into two and produces toxins.
Viruses take over your cells but don’t produce toxins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who was the doctor that insisted medical students wash their hands before delivering babies?

A

Ignaz Semmelweis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the four ways that we can catch disease?

A

Droplet infection - When you cough, sneeze or talk pathogens are given out and taken in from your breating system.
Direct contact - Touch
Contaminated food and drink - Raw and uncooked food or dirty water
Through a break in your skin - Cuts, scratches, needle punctures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 main defence mechanisms and what do they do?

A

Skin - Acts as a barrier to micro-organisms
Blood - Forms a clot which dries into a scab
Mucus - Covers the lining of your lungs and tubes and traps pathogens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What cell protects you from disease?

A

White blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three ways your white blood cells protect you from disease?

A
  • Ingest micro-organisms
  • Produce antibodies, these target bacteria and viruses and destroy them
  • Produces anti toxins , these cancel out toxins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give two examples of painkillers?

A

Paracetamol and aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are antibiotics?

A

Drugs that work inside your body to kill the bacteria that causes disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Antibiotics don’t work on diseases caused by viruses, why?

A

Pathogens reproduce in the cells of your body, it is difficult to create drugs that kill the viruses without damaging the cells and the tissues of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who discovered penicillin and when?

A

Alexander Fleming in 1928

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When we are trying to grow micro-organisms in a lab, what do we keep the nutrients in?

A

Agar Jelly

17
Q

What do we put all the agar jelly in?

A

A petri dish

18
Q

What is the risk with growing micro-organisms?

A

A mutation could happen

19
Q

What is a mutation?

A

A change in the DNA, which could then produce a new dangerous pathogen

20
Q

What is agar jelly?

A

A culture medium

21
Q

What is the max temperature at which you can grow micro-organisms in a school/college lab?

A

25 degrees

22
Q

Some mutations happen by chance, they produce new strains of bacteria by ___________

A

Natural selection

23
Q

Why is important not to use antibiotics too much?

A

To prevent more resistant strains of bacteria

24
Q

Is MRSA a bacterium or a virus?

A

A bacterium

25
Q

What is the name of the unique proteins on the surface of every cell?

A

Antigens

26
Q

Antigens join with ___________ to destroy __________

A

Antigens join with antibodies to destroy pathogens

27
Q

What is a vaccine usually made of?

A

A dead/weak version of the pathogen

28
Q

Give an example of;

  • One bacterial disease you can be immunised against
  • One viral disease you can be immunised against
A
  • Tetanus/diptheria

- MMR/Polio

29
Q

Which one is single celled?

Bacteria or viruses?

A

Bacteria

30
Q

What don’t antibiotics treat?

A

Viruses

31
Q

What happens when you overuse antibiotics?

A

Resistant strains of bacteria develop due to natural selection and mutation

32
Q

When growing and investigating bacteria, what are inoculating loops used for?

A

To transfer micro-organisms through a flame

33
Q

Why does the lid of a petri-dish need to be secured with tape?

A

To prevent contamination of the culture by air

B1 GCSE CORE SCIENCE (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions