Pathogenicity Flashcards
Resident:
Transient:
Resident: stays for a long time
Transient: short stay
What is the term for “no microbiota”?
Axenic
Microbiota can be parasitic if the bacteria gets where it shouldn’t be. What is this called?
Opportunistic
What is the relationship when one benefits and one is unharmed?
Commensalistic
Sicknesses from animals are called…
Zoonoses
Why are humans “dead end hosts”?
We don’t participate in the life cycle and we don’t give diseases to animals due to proper waste disposal
Presence of microbes in or on the body doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll get sick. What is this called?
Contamination
Direct contact:
Indirect contact:
Droplet:
Direct: touch the source
Indirect: touch something that touched the source
Droplet: less than 1 meter; coughing, sneezing, talking
What can be contracted from eating uncooked meat?
Tapeworms
What is the most common entry site of bacteria?
Respiratory tract
What is not a “true” portal of entry?
Ex. this happens when you step on a nail
Parenteral route
What are the 2 terms we use for adhesion?
Fimbriae and flycocalyx
Different organisms have different receptors on their cells, which is why some microbes stick to humans but not dogs. This is called….
Host specificity
What is the difference between signs and symptoms?
Signs are measured by an observer whereas symptoms are sensed by the patient only
What is the term for having no signs or symptoms?
Asymptomatic or Subclinical
Hyaluronidase:
Collagenase:
Coagulase:
Kinase:
Hyaluronidase: glue
Collagenase: breaks down structures of proteins; dissolve collagen
Coagulase: forms blood clot around itself
Kinase: dissolves clot when it’s ready to get out
What is the term for presence of toxins in the blood?
Toxemia
Exotoxins are mainly gram + but also some gram -, whereas Endotoxins are only ______
Gram -
Describe what a true pathogen is.
A pathogen that will cause disease in a healthy individual
What is the first stage in disease progression? Describe it.
Incubation: no signs or symptoms
What stage in disease progression may or may not happen?
Prodromal
Koch's postulates: 1. 2. 3. 4.
- suspected agent must be in every case of disease
- agent must be isolated & grow in pure culture
- cultured agent must cause disease when inoculated into healthy host
- same agent must be isolated from host
