Chapter 1

Question 1

What are microbes?

Answer 1

microscopic organisms that comprises either a single cell, cell clusters, or multicellular relatively complex organisms

Question 2

define bioterrorism

Answer 2

scariest bacteria category A (a person can terrorize a country by using these microbs) for example: bacilius anthracis, Ebola, etc.

Question 3

Pathogenic bacteria cause …?

Answer 3

diseases; such as plague, tuberculosis, anthrax

Question 4

what are biofilms

Answer 4

microbial communities that are difficult to destroy

Question 5

what is an example of a microogranism where we study some stages of the life cycle because its microscopic and causes disease?

Answer 5

hemiths; we study hemiths when they are eggs (microscopic) for they grow into macroscopic worms as they grow. However the eggs can cause disease so we study them in microbiology

Question 6

What are the major types of microorganisms that we study?

Answer 6

1) bacteria 2) archea 3) fungi 4) Protozoa 5) Algae 6) Viruses

Question 7

What is the role of microorganisms in the ecosystem?

Answer 7

These organisms participate in the carbon and nitrogen cycle

Question 8

Bacteria

• ____cellular
• _______ (no nucleus)
• ______ cell wall usually (major feature for classification)
• Reproduction = ____ _____
• May be motile (flagella)
• Varying oxygen responses
• What are the morphology types for bacteria?

Answer 8

Bacteria
•Unicellular
•Prokaryotic (no nucleus)
•Peptidoglycan cell wall usually (major feature for classification)
•Reproduction = Binary fission
•May be motile (flagella)
•Varying oxygen responses

Question 9

Archea
•___cellular
•What do they lack in their cell wall?
•Prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
•What enviornments do they live in?

Answer 9

Archea
•Unicellular
•Lack peptidoglycan cell wall
•Prokaryotic
•Extreme environments

Question 10

Fungi

• Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
• Multicellular or unicellular?
• What is their cell wall composed of?
• What are examples of 2 diseases they can cause?

Answer 10

Fungi

• Eukaryotic (so it contains membrane organelles with DNA in the nucleus)
• Trick question: both! Multicellular (mushrooms, molds) or unicellular (yeasts)
• Chitin cell wall
• Ring worm and candidias

Question 11

Protozoa

• Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
• ___cellular
• Their cell wall is composed of…?
• Traditionally classified based on mode of locomotion… so what are these classifications?

Answer 11

Protozoa

•Eukaryotic
•Unicellular
•Cellulose cell wall
•Traditionally classified based on mode of locomotion
-Flagellates: move using flagella

• ciliates: have tiny hair to produce movement
• Amoeboids: have false feet
• Sporozoans: non-motile

Question 12

True or False: Is algae considered to be microbs?

-Where is algae found?

Answer 12

True

• algae found in aquatic enviornments

Question 13

Viruses

• ___ living
• Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by ____ ____
• Require a ____ cell to reproduce
• What are examples of diseases viruses can cause?

Answer 13

Viruses

• Non living
• Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat
• Require a host cell to reproduce
• influenza, yellow fever, AIDS

Question 14

Helminths
•Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
•____ worms
•Eggs are usually _____ and used in ID

• Why do we consider them if they mature to be macroscopic ?

Answer 14

Heminths
•Eukaryotic
•Parasitic worms
•Eggs are usually microscopic and used in ID

• Because the eggs are microscopic