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Perio 1 > Pathogenesis of Periodontal DIsease > Flashcards

Pathogenesis of Periodontal DIsease Flashcards

1
Q

Cardinal signs of inflammation

5

A 
Loss of function
Rubor
Tumor
Calor
Dolor
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2
Q

What parts of innate immunity are in Acute inflammation resolution

A

Serum complement

Neutrophil

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3
Q

What parts of immune response are in Chronic inflammation resolution

A

Monocyte/macrophage - Innate

Lymphocytes - Aquired

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4
Q

What happens if Lymphocytes don’t “win”

A

Systemic infection

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5
Q

What is the major cell type of gingiva inflammation

A

PMNs

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6
Q

Histopathologic what happens to fiber network in periodontitis and what does it casue

A

Destruction of collagen in fiber network leading to loss of attachment to root surface

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7
Q

What happens to epithelial cell junctions during periodontal disease

A

Disruption of them

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8
Q

WHat are the histologic symtoms of Initial lesion?

A

1) Exudations from gingival sulcus
2) Presence of fibrin
3) Alteration of most coronal JE
4) Loss of perivascular collagen

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9
Q

WHat are clinical symptoms of initial lesion

A

1) Looks healthy

2) No radiographic bone loss

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10
Q

How long is the initial lesion in stages of periodontal disease

A

2- 4 days

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11
Q

WHat are the histologic symtoms of Early lesion

A

Lymphoid cells below JE

Proliferation of basal cells of JE

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12
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of Early lesion

A

Gingivitis (acute)
BOP
No pocket
No radiograph bone los

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13
Q

How long is the early lesion

A

4 - 7 days

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14
Q

What are the histological symptoms of established lesion

A

Immunoglobulins present

Proliferation, apical migration and lateral extension of JE

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15
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of Established lesion

A

Gingivitis (Chronic)
BOP
No pocket
No radiograph bone loss

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16
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of Advanced lesion

A

Periodontitis
Yes pocket
Alveolar bone loss on radiograph

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17
Q

What are the histological symptoms of Advanced lesion

A

COnversion of distant bone marrow into fibrous CT

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18
Q

How long is advanced lesion

A

> 3 weeks

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19
Q

How long is Established lesion

A

2 - 3 Weeks

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20
Q

Which immune response, innate or acquired are needed for host immune competency?

A

Both :)

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21
Q

What is teh immune response to plaque accumuilation and initiation og gingivitis

A 
Mast Cells
Acute Phase Proteins
Complement
PMNs
ANtibodies
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22
Q

The multipotent cell that makes most immune response cells comes from where?

A

Bone Marrow

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23
Q

Parts of Mast Cell

A

Receptor
IgE
Degranulation
Histamines

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24
Q

What activates Mast Cells

A

Complement C3a

C5a

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25
What induces phagocytosis during inflammatory process
WBC chemotaxis through vessel walls
26
CHemicals released from Mast Cells during inflammation
Histamine TNF Alpha Leukotrienes Prostaglandins
27
FUnction of HIstamines
Increase of permeability of blood vessels
28
TNF Alpha functions
Induces fever
29
Leukotrienes function
Chemotaxis of leukocytes
30
Prostaglandins function
Increase in vascular permeability
31
Acute phase proteins function
Proteins whose plasma concentration decreases in response to inflammation. Postitive - increase negative - decrease
32
APC increased due to microbial infection
1) C-reactive protein | 2) Complement
33
C-reactive protein has been shown to be how much more of a risk factor than smoking or High LDL for Myocardial Infarction
2-5 fold increased risk
34
What activates complement?
Antigen - Antibody interaction | IgG and IgM
35
What is the effect of immunizations on complement?
None. No effect!
36
Where is complement made | 3
Liver Small Intestine Macrophages
37
Endotoxins activate which pathway
Alternative
38
How does cell lysis occur in complement pathways
MAC Complex
39
Once you have C3, what are the stages of complement
Inflammation Opsonization Cell Lysis
40
If there is no opsonization, then what type of interaction is there?
Hydrophobic | Lectin - like
41
Percentage of Neutrophils out of human leukocytes
65%
42
Percentage of Lymphocytes out of human leukocytes
35%
43
How long is the half life of PMN Cell
5-90 days for half life | Short Half-life
44
What type of cell is a PMN
Terminal Cell
45
Functions of PMN | 3
1) Phagocytosis 2) Release of enzymes 3) Release of chemical mediators
46
Movement of PMN steps
``` Sticks Squeezes Chemotaxis Phagocytosis Death (apoptosis) ```
47
What do PMNs stick to ?
Endothelium
48
HOW do PMNs stick to endothelium
Selectins | Adhesins
49
DIapedesis
Passage of cells intact through walls of capillaries
50
Name of enzyme that helps PMN squeeze through capillary wall
CD31 Zipper
51
Macrophages/monocytes secrete what attractant fro neutrophils
Leukotriene B4
52
Mast cells secrete what attractant for neutrophils
Neutrophil chemotactic factor
53
B cells secrete what attractant for neutrophils
Interlukin 1
54
PMN Granules | 3
Azurophilic (prmiary) Specific ( secondary) Tertiary
55
What are teh tertiary granules
Cathepsin | Gelatinase
56
WHat type of respiration do PMN use
Respiratory Bursts
57
How to differentiate PMNs
Chemotaxis vs Chemokines
58
Do host risk factors affect neutrophil defect
Absolutely
59
What is luekocyte adhesion deficiency
a host risk factor
60
What is papillion Lefevre Syndrome
A host risk factor

Perio 1 (5 decks)

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