Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease 2 Flashcards
1
Q
WHat need to happen in order for you to get initial periodontitis?
A
bacterial penetration
2
Q
WHat need to happen in order for you to get initial periodontitis?
A
bacterial penetration
3
Q
What percentage of IgG
A
80%
4
Q
What percentage of IgM
A
5%
5
Q
What percentage of IgA
A
10%
6
Q
WHat percentage of IgD
A
<1%
7
Q
What percentage of IgE
A
8
Q
IgG function
A
Agglutination
Opsonization
Complement Fixation
9
Q
IgM Function
A
Agglutination
Complement fixation that leads to opsonization
10
Q
WHat is the first antibody produced during immune reponse?
A
IgM
11
Q
IgG properties
A
Specific attachment to phagocytes
Crosses placenta
12
Q
IgA Function
A
Protection of mucous membranes
13
Q
WHere is IgA secreted into
A
Secreted into saliva milK mucus
14
Q
IgD funtions
A
Facilitates development of antibdy response
15
Q
IgD properties
A
Antigen receptor on B lymphocytes
16
Q
IgE function
A
Involved in allergic rxns
Helps expel parasites
17
Q
IgE properties
A
Attaches to mast cells
Attaches to basophils
ANtigen reacts with cell IgE to release granules
18
Q
Where are the hypervariable regions?
A
All accross variable region on both HC and LC
19
Q
What happens in primary response against new antigen?
A
IgG and IgM small
20
Q
4 types of responses against an antigen
A
1) Local
2) Systemic
3) monoclonal
4) Polyclonal
21
Q
What percentage of IgG
A
80%
22
Q
What percentage of IgM
A
5%
23
Q
What percentage of IgA
A
10%
24
Q
WHat percentage of IgD
A
<1%
25
What percentage of IgE
26
IgG function
Agglutination
Opsonization
Complement Fixation
27
IgM Function
Agglutination
| Complement fixation that leads to opsonization
28
WHat is the first antibody produced during immune reponse?
IgM
29
IgG properties
Specific attachment to phagocytes
| Crosses placenta
30
IgA Function
Protection of mucous membranes
31
WHere is IgA secreted into
Secreted into saliva milK mucus
32
An imbalance of CD4 and CD8 cells causes what?
periodontal disease
33
IgD properties
Antigen receptor on B lymphocytes
34
IgE function
Involved in allergic rxns
| Helps expel parasites
35
IgE properties
Attaches to mast cells
Attaches to basophils
ANtigen reacts with cell IgE to release granules
36
Where are the hypervariable regions?
All accross variable region on both HC and LC
37
What happens in primary response against new antigen?
IgG and IgM small
38
What happens during secondary response to new antigen?
Huge IgG response
| Small IgM response
39
4 types of responses against an antigen
1) Local
2) Systemic
3) monoclonal
4) Polyclonal
40
How long is the half life of macrophage?
long
41
What type of cell is macrophage?
mobile
42
What IL activate CD 4?
```
IL - 1
IL 2
IL 3
IL 4
IL 5
IL 6
IL 9
IL 10
```
43
APC presents antigen to what?
Th cell
44
Genotype positive = what?
immune response quicker so periodontal disease quicker
45
SMoking and diabetes casue what?
Increase inflammation
increase MMP expression
Concomitant Tissue destruction
46
MHC I is associated with
CD8
47
MHC 2 is associated with
CD4
48
Activated T cell produce what that causes prolferation of T cell
IL - 2
49
Th1 causes what
macrophage activation
50
Th2 causes what
antbody response
51
An imbalance of CD4 and CD8 cells causes what?
periodontal disease
52
What is associated with cell mediated immunity
CD8
53
What IL stimulates growth of mast cells
IL 3
IL 4
IL 9
54
NUP means what
Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis
55
Clinical features of NUG, NUP and HIVP
Spontaneous bleeding
Necrosis
Edema
Extremely rapid bone loss
56
Cytokines Def
Low molecular weight proteins that mediate interactions b/w lymphocytes and inflammatory cells
57
Most cytokines are referred to as
Interlukins
58
Can cytokines elicit different biological responses from different cells?
True!
59
What is the only IL that is pleomorphic?
IL - 1
60
What IL includes Osteoclast (OAF) and Lymphocyte (LAF) activities
IL 1
61
What IL activate CD 4?
```
IL - 1
IL 2
IL 3
IL 4
IL 5
IL 6
IL 9
IL 10
```
62
What IL helps B cells mature
IL 1
63
What IL is tied to PMN and macrophage chemotaxis
IL 1
64
What IL increases NK cell activity, fibroblast procollagen, PGE2 and bone resorption?
IL 1
65
What IL is secreted by monocytes, macrophages, B cells, fibroblasts, PMNs, epithelial cells
IL 1
66
What IL is found in gingival tissues, GCF
IL 1
67
What IL decreases after periodontic treatment?
IL 1
68
What IL stimulates Macrophages and NK function
IL 2
69
What IL is secreted by NK cells
IL 2
| IL 3
70
What IL increases in tissues with periodontitis
IL 2
IL 1
IL 4
71
What Il stimulates PMN MMP actiivity
IL 8
72
What IL stimulates growth of mast cells
IL 3
| IL 4
73
What IL is involved in b cell activation and differentiation
IL 4
| IL 5
74
What IL is involved in T cell growth
IL 4
75
What IL is involved in histamine secretion
IL 3
76
What IL is involved in IgE synthesis
IL 4
77
What IL enhances IgA production
IL 5
78
What IL stimulates plasma cell production
IL 6
79
What IL partners with IL 1 to activate CD 4
IL 6
80
What IL is secreted by Macrophages, monocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells
IL 6
81
What IL increases in sites of gingival inlfammation
IL 6
82
What IL plays a role in bone resorption
IL 6
83
What IL induces T cell proliferation by expressin IL 2 and IL 2 receptors
IL 7
84
What Il is secreted by bone marrow stromal cells
IL 7
85
What IL is chemotactic for PMNs
IL 8
86
What IL increases PMN adherance to endothelial cells
IL 8
87
What IL is secreted by macrophages in response to IL1 and TNF - alpha
IL 8
88
What IL os present in high levels in perio lesions associated with JE and macrophages
IL 8
89
What IL is high in disease vs health
IL 8
90
What Il stimulates PMN MMP actiivity
IL 8
91
What Il induces proliferation if CD4 cells in absence of antigen
IL 8
92
What IL inhibits/turns off the antigen presenting capacity of monocytes
Il 10
93
IFNs function
1) antiviral activity
2) Enchance macrophage, T cell and NK activity
3) Inhibits osteoclasts thus playing role in bone resorption
94
TNF function
1) Cause necrosis in some tumors
2) TNF alpha and beta can activate osteoclasts leading to bone resorption
3) TNF alpha increases PMN adherance to endothelial cells
95
TNF beta releases what?
Lymphotoxin
96
When is TNF alpha produced?
After stimulation of macrophages by LPS
97
TNFa functions
1) alpha increases PMN phagocytosis and chemotaxis
98
Plaque antogens favor TNFa beta or direct lymphotoxcity leading to what?
tissue damage seen in periodontal disease
99
TNFa beta is cytotoxic for what
fibroblasts
100
IL 1 lowers this systemic effect
Neutrophil superoxide stimulation
