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Periodontology - Midterms > Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Sequence of events that occur during the development of a disease or an abnormal condition

A

Pathogenesis

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2
Q

Bacterial infection of the periodontium

A

Periodontal disease

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3
Q

Umbrella term that refers to all the disease of periodontium

A

Periodontal disease

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4
Q

Bacterial confined to the gingiva

A

Gingivitis

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5
Q

This is an example of bacterial infection in gingivitis

A

Plaque

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6
Q

Reversible destruction of the tissues of the periodontium

A

Gingivitis

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7
Q

Gingivitis is observed after how many days after accumulation of plaque in the sulcus?

A

4-14 days

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of gingivitis

A

A. Plaque-induced gingivitis
B. Non-plaque-induced gingival lesions

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9
Q

Result of an interaction between the microorganisms found in the dental plaque biofilm and the tissues and inflammatory cells of the host

A

Plaque-induced gingivitis

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10
Q

What is the etiology of plaque-induced gingivitis?

A

Plaque

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11
Q

In plaque-induced gingivitis, there is an increase in this type of bacteria and will not be able to fight off bacteria

A

Gram negative bacteria

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12
Q

Oral manifestations of systemic diseases are rare

A

Non-plaque-induced gingival lesions

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13
Q

An example of non-plaque-induced gingival lesion

A

Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid

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14
Q

There is sloughing of the gingiva leaving painful ulcerations

A

Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid

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15
Q

What are the 5 origins of gingival diseases?

A

A. Gingival disease of specific bacteria in origin
B. Gingival disease of fungal origin
C. Gingival disease of viral origin
D. Gingival disease of genetic origin
E. Gingival manifestations of systemic conditions

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16
Q

What are examples of gingival diseases of specific bacteria in origin?

A

A. Syphilis
B. Gonorrhea

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17
Q

What are examples of gingival diseases of viral origin?

A

A. HIV
B. Erythema

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18
Q

What is an example of gingival diseases of fungal origin?

A

Patients wearing dentures for a long time

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19
Q

What is an example of gingival diseases of genetic origin?

A

Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid

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20
Q

What are examples of gingival manifestations of systemic conditions?

A

A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Arthritis

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21
Q

What are the 3 modifying factors of gingivitis?

A

A. Systemic factors
B. Gingival disease modified by medications
C. Gingival disease modified by malnutrition

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22
Q

There are endocrine changes associated with puberty

A

Systemic factors

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23
Q

3 endocrine changes associated with puberty

A

A. Menstrual cycle
B. Pregnancy
C. Puberty

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24
Q

Due to this, there is increased gingival inflammation even in the absence of plaque

A

Hormonal fluctuation

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25
Q

Use of drugs known to increase gingival enlargement

A

Gingival disease modified by medications

26
Q

What are 4 drugs that contribute to gingival disease modified by medications?

A

A. Phenytoin
B. Cyclosporin
C. Nifedipine
D. Oral contraceptives in premenopausal women

27
Q

This is an anticonvulsant drug

A

Phenytoin

28
Q

This is an immunosuppressant drug

A

Cyclosporin

29
Q

This is a calcium channel blocker

A

Nifedipine

30
Q

There is severe vitamin C deficiency resulting in bright red, swollen, and bleeding gingiva

A

Gingival disease modified by malnutrition

31
Q

What is the histopathology of gingivitis and periodontitis?

A

A. Infiltration of the connective tissue by defense cells
B. Accumulation of defense cells and release of their destructive cells
C. Connective tissue enlargement

32
Q

What are the 3 types of gingivitis according to course and duration?

A

A. Recurrent gingivitis
B. Acute gingivitis
C. Chronic gingivitis

33
Q

Reappears after being eliminated by treatment

A

Recurrent gingivitis

34
Q

Lasts for a short period of time where fluid is retained in the gingival connective tissue resulting in swollen gingiva

A

Acute gingivitis

35
Q

Slow in onset, long duration, painless, the body may attempt to repair the tissue damage by forming new collagen fibers in the gingival connective tissue

A

Chronic gingivitis

36
Q

Clinical changes in gingivitis causes the color to change to?

A

Red or reddish blue

37
Q

What are the 3 causes of clinical color change in gingivitis?

A

A. Increased blood flow
B. Blood vessels become engorged
C. Blood vessels become congested

38
Q

What clinical changes in gingivitis happens to the gingival margin?

A

A. Swollen and loses its knife edge attachment to the tooth
B. Gingival tissue may cover the crown of the tooth in fibrosis
C. When probing, there is higher reading

39
Q

What are the 5 clinical changes in gingivitis?

A

A. Color - red or reddish blue
B. Gingival margin
C. Interdental papilla may be bulbous and swollen
D. Bleeding upon gentle probing
E. Increased sulcus probing depth

40
Q

3 microscopic characteristics of gingivitis

A

A. Junctional epithelium is still attached to the enamel
B. Epithelium appears ulcerated
C. No longer an effective protective barrier

41
Q

The junctional epithelium is still attached to the enamel via?

A

Hemidesmosomes

42
Q

2 stages of gingivitis

A

A. Subclinical gingivitis
B. Clinical gingivitis

43
Q

Stage of gingivitis only detected microscopically

A

Subclinical gingivitis

44
Q

Stage of gingivitis with clinically visible signs

A

Clinical gingivitis

45
Q

5 types of gingivitis according to location

A

A. Localized gingivitis
B. Generalized gingivitis
C. Marginal gingivitis
D. Papillary gingivitis
E. Diffuse gingivitis

46
Q

This type of gingivitis is confined to a single tooth or group of teeth

A

Localized gingivitis

47
Q

This type of gingivitis involves the entire mouth

A

Generalized gingivitis

48
Q

This involves the gingival margin and a portion of the attached gingiva

A

Marginal gingivitis

49
Q

This involves the interdental papillae and a portion of the margin

A

Papillary gingivitis

50
Q

Affects the gingival margin, the attached gingiva, and interdental papillae

A

Diffuse gingivitis

51
Q

One of the most common gingivitis, involvement of interdental papilla and col

A

Papillary gingivitis

52
Q

What are the 5 further classifications of gingivitis?

A

A. Localized marginal gingivitis
B. Localized diffuse gingivitis
C. Localized papillary gingivitis
D. Generalized diffuse gingivitis
E. Generalized marginal gingivitis

53
Q

Bacterial infection of all parts of the periodontium including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, bone, and cementum

A

Periodontitis

54
Q

Irreversible destruction to the tissues of the periodontium

A

Periodontitis

55
Q

3 characteristics of periodontitis

A

A. Apical migration of junctional epithelium
B. Loss of connective tissue attachment
C. Loss of alveolar bone

56
Q

Phases of extended period of inactivity followed by short periods of destruction

A

Intermittent manner

57
Q

Clinical picture of periodontitis where in color is bluish or purplish red with a smooth and shiny appearance

A

Edematous tissue/ Spongy tissue

58
Q

Clinical picture of periodontitis where in color is light pink with a leathery consistency

A

Fibrotic tissue/ Firm and nodular

59
Q

Clinical picture of periodontitis of the gingival margin

A

Swollen or fibrotic with no close knife-edged adaptation

60
Q

Clinical picture of periodontitis of the interdental papilla

A

May no longer fill interdental embrasure spaces

61
Q

Clinical picture of periodontitis in bleeding

A

Often bleeding upon probing and suppuration may be visible

Periodontology - Midterms (7 decks)

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