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Pathobiochemistry > pathobiochemistry of nitrogen metabolism > Flashcards

pathobiochemistry of nitrogen metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

causes defects in heme synthesis?

A
  • Iron deficiency
  • Lead toxicosis
  • lack of succinyl - CoA
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2
Q

pathogenesis of lead toxicosis?

A

inhibits enzymes of heme synthesis

neurotoxic effects

Therapy: EDTA

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3
Q

what are Porphyrias?

A

disturbed heme synthesis - primarily in humans

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4
Q

causes of porphyrias?

A
  • hereditary
  • stress
  • puberty
  • pregnancy
  • alcohol consumption
  • low energy diet
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5
Q

symptoms of porphyrias?

A
  • weakness
  • abdominal pain
  • ostipation
  • limb numbness
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6
Q

therapy of porphyrias?

A

symptomatic

elimination of causes

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7
Q

what is icterus or jaundice?

A

hyperbilirubinaemia

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8
Q

types of icterus?

A
  1. pre-hepatic (intensive intravasal haemolysis)
  2. hepatic (hepatic dysfunction)
  3. post hepatic (obstructed biliary ducts)
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9
Q

babesiosis symptoms?

A
  • mostly acute
  • pre - hepatic icterus
  • haemolytic anaemia
  • bilirubinuria
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10
Q

what is the common source of leptospirosis infection?

A

urine of rodents

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11
Q

caused of obstructed biliary duct (post hepatic icterus)

A
  • gall stones in cattle and humans
  • Dog, cat: pancreatitis, pancreatic tumor compressing duct
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12
Q

what is uricosis?

A

endproduct of purine degradation

  • Reptiles, birds, primates: uric acid
  • Mammals: allantoin
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13
Q

features of uric acid?

A
  • poorly soluble in water
  • precipitates on serosal membranes in kidneys and joints
  • uricosis/ gout
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14
Q

features of uricosis/ gout?

A
  • Granuloma formation
  • painful joint inflammation
  • tightened functions of the kidneys

therapy: allopurinol

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15
Q

which species of dog suffers mostly from urolithiasis?

A

Dalmations

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16
Q

features of urolithiasis?

A
  • normally uric acid if taken up by the hepatocytes
  • in the dalmation the fast transport can be damaged
  • meaning a large amount of uric acid is excreted + acidic urine
  • leading to inflammation of the urinary tract + difficulties urinating
17
Q

symptoms of urolithiasis in dalmations?

A
  • bloody urine
  • tenesmus

(uric acid crystals in urinary tract)

18
Q

features of portosystemic shunt?

A
  • Congenital
    • intrahepatic
      • larger dog breeds
    • Extrahepatic
      • smaller dog breeds
  • Aquired
19
Q

pathogenesis and symptoms of portosystemic shunt?

A
  • portosystemic (hepatic) encephalopathia
    • neurological symptoms
  • Liver atrophy
  • uric acid crystals - urinary symptoms
20
Q

treatment of PSS?

A
  • conservative
    • decreased dietary protein and fibre
    • probiotics
    • lactulose
    • antibiotics
  • Surgical

Pathobiochemistry (5 decks)

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