patho chpt 8

Question 1

substance that dissociates in solution to form ions.

Answer 1

electrolyte

Question 2

particles that do not dissociate into ions such as glucose and urea

Answer 2

non-electrolytes

Question 3

presence of sodium in the blood

Answer 3

natremia - hypo

Question 4

acid level in the blood

Answer 4

acidemia

Question 5

extra calcium in the blood - usually associated with renal failure

Answer 5

hyperkalemia

Question 6

high ph in the blood

Answer 6

alkalemia

Question 7

this occurs in acute or chronic cond. that impair effective alveolar ventilation and cause an accumulation of PCO2.

Answer 7

acidosis

Question 8

is caused by hyperventilation or a respiratory rate in excess of that needed to maintain normal plasma

Answer 8

alkalosis

Question 9

involves compulsive water drinking

Answer 9

polydipsia

Question 10

happens when there is more interstitial fluid than can be absorbed

Answer 10

pitting edema

Question 11

an accumulation of body fluids that contribute to body wt but not to fluid function or reserve

Answer 11

3rd space fluids

Question 12

vitamin D works as a hormone & needs the parathyroid hormone to work.

Answer 12

parathyroid hormone

Question 13

pushing force

Answer 13

hydrostatic force

Question 14

pulling force

Answer 14

osmotic pressure

Question 15

normal level is 135 - 145. Water wants to follow salt

Answer 15

sodium levels

Question 16

high osmolarity causes thirst & ADH is released

Low : lack of thirst and decreased ADH

Answer 16

blood osmolarity

Question 17

referring to hydration

Answer 17

dipsia

Question 18

K = normal 3.5-5.0

Answer 18

potassium levels

Question 19

normal = 8.5 - 10.5
decreases calcium levels = calcitonen
increased calcium levels = paracalcium
calcium is needed for muscle contraction

Answer 19

calcium levels