patho chpt 2

Question 1

increase in muscle mass

Answer 1

hypertrophy

Question 2

increase in the # of cells

Answer 2

hyperplasia

Question 3

liver regrowth is an example of

Answer 3

compensatory hyperplasia

Question 4

when one adult cell type is replaced with another adult cell type

Answer 4

metaplasia

Question 5

strongly implicated as a precursor of cancer

Answer 5

dysplasia

Question 6

buildup of substances that cells cannot immediately use or eliminate. they are made up of unused foods, lipids and glycogen.

Answer 6

intracellular accumulation

Question 7

highly reactive chemical species having an unpaired electron in the outer shell

Answer 7

free radical

Question 8

deprives the cell of oxygen

Answer 8

hypoxia

Question 9

unplanned cell death

Answer 9

necrosis

Question 10

planned cell death

Answer 10

apoptosis

Question 11

macroscopic deposition of calcium salts in injured tissue

Answer 11

dystrophic calcification

Question 12

oxygen containing molecules that are highly reactive

Answer 12

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Question 13

low blood flow

Answer 13

ischemia

Question 14

dead cells persist indefinitely as soft cheese like debris

Answer 14

Caseous necrosis

Question 15

when a considerable mass of tissue undergoes necrosis

Answer 15

gangrene

Question 16

5 categories of cell injury

Answer 16

nutritional imbalance, chemical, electrical, biological, physical

Question 17

causes of hypercalcemia (calcium in the blood)

Answer 17

hyperparathyroidism & immobilization

Question 18

yellow - brown pigment that accumulates in neurons

Answer 18

lipofuscin

Question 19

a yellow discoloration of tissue

Answer 19

icterus

Question 20

decrease in cell size

Answer 20

atrophy

Question 21

when a kidney is removed and the remaining kidney enlarges to compensate for the loss

Answer 21

compensatory hypertrophy

Question 22

no oxygen

Answer 22

anaerobic respiration

Question 23

most numerous of the white blood cells

Answer 23

neutrophils

Question 24

s

Answer 24

lymphocytes

Question 25

s

Answer 25

monocytes

Question 26

responds to allergic reactions

Answer 26

eosinophils

Question 27

s

Answer 27

basophils

Question 28

a gland that produces and secretes hormones

Answer 28

hypothalumus

Question 29

protein that regulates other chemical mediators - it discontinues inflammation

Answer 29

cytokine

Question 30

cells that are in the lymph & heart area

Answer 30

endothelial cells

Question 31

produces lipids

Answer 31

smooth ER

Question 32

causes depletion of ATP

Answer 32

hypoxia