Path VSAs Flashcards
What does Denosumab target
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B Ligand (RANKL)
Turkish man
fever
history of recurrent chest infections
mutation in the MEFV gene
ME-FV = Familial MEditerranean FeVer
mixed pattern auto-inflammatory condition over 90% heritability
sacroiliac joint
Ankylosing spondylitis
hyperthyroidism Sx
low TSH and high thyroxine
NO good uptake on technetium scan
Viral De Quervain’s thyroiditis (virus releases thyroxine stores)
Good uptake bilaterally = Grave’s Disease
nodular = Toxic multinodular goitre
single mass uptake = toxic adenoma (Ca)
measure the turnover of bone, and is raised in people who have Paget’s, Osteomalacia / Rickets?
Alkaline Phosphatase
elderly man has a fall
no LoC
two days later confusion
where is the likely site of bleeding?
subdural
clotting factor that falls most rapidly after administering warfarin
FVII
FVII > Protein C/S > F 9 > F 2
blood marker MEDULLARY thyroid Ca
calcitonin
(and CEA - Carcinoembryonic antigen )
Marker Papillary (commonest) & Follicular thyroid carcinoma
Thyroglobulin
common thyroid ca
Papillar>Follicular>Medullary
PAy FOr ME
drug is used to treat severe falciparum malaria
artesunate
massive splenomegaly
JAK2 V617F mutation leucoerythroblastic picture
tear-drop poikilocytes (dacrocytes)
myelofibrosis
African man
with Burkitt’s lymphoma is given Rasburicase. Develops haematuria with irregularly contracted cells
G6PD
aortic valve replaced 3 months ago
few weeks later
jaundice, Hb-urea (haemoglobinuria), and raised reticulocytes
MAHA
cancer is present if keratin and intercellular bridges
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
high Na+, low K+, and low renin
Conn’s - Primary Hyperaldosteronism
common condition can be treated with drugs that target with TNF, IL-17 and IL-12/23
Psoriasis
vasculitis external carotid
Temporal arteritis
Type of amyloidosis
reactive
type of amyloid deposited in multiple myeloma
Ig light chain
one of types/groups of drugs used to treat HIV
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Protease inhibitor
main class of drug used to treat HIV
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
zoonotic disease does the Ixodes Tick cause
Lyme disease
absence UDP gluconoryl transferase jaundice + kernicterus high unconj bili death in 1 yr of life AR inheritance
Crigler-Najjar syndrome
reduced activity UDP gluconoryl transferase
AD inheritance
harmless raised unconj bili
Gilbert’s
Medical certificate of Cause of Death OR consented autopsy
Know the cause of death
unsure of cause of death
Discuss w/ coroner about death certificate or autopsy
unknown cause death
violent death
died in prison/custody/MH hospital
autopsy
Cause of death unknown
Not seen by Dr during last illness OR last 14 days
During or within 12m of pregnancy
Death in custody
Death whilst detained under MHA
Death due to suicide, accident/trauma (inc domestic), industrial, peri-operative, abortion, anaesthetic care, lack of medical care, murder, self-neglect or ANY DOUBT (inc if injury was years ago)
refer to coroner
Person with well controlled HIV and hyperlipidaemia due to HAART medication.
Deteriorated and found wedge shaped lesion on CTPA. Suffered from a cardiac arrest and died.
1a pulmonary infarction/MI 1b Hyperlipidaemia
2 HIV
CANNOT put FAILURES (heart/liver/resp) or cardiac arrest as 1a
Patient with HIV was recently involved in an RTA
Fill in MCCD?
NO
Woman who’s daughter and husband disagree on post mortem
refer to coroner
Enzyme raised in biliary obstruction
Gamma glutamyltransferase
High sodium, high potassium, high serum osmolality, low urine osmolality
Diabetes insipidus
euvolaemic
low serum osmolality
urine NA >20
normal renal, adrenal, thyroid
SIADH
no particles in urine
urine specific gravity
commonest cause hyperkalaemia
AKI
Vegan with megaloblastic anaemia
B12 deficiency
Crohn’s with Megaloblastic anaemia
B12 deficiency
Deficiency associated w/ Lacking IF
B12
pernicious anaemia
Dementia, Dermatitis (scaly), Diarrhoea
Pellagra
Niacin def
Tx Beri Beri
B1 (thiamine)
Nutritional deficiency
glossitis
dementia
Pernicious anaemia
B12
Dermatitis, anaemia, neuropathy
B6: Pyridoxine
72 year old with headache - High CA, normal phos, normal PTH, High ALP
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
