Path Talk #3: Immunopathologies

Question 1

Sjogren’s Disease

Answer 1

• Autoimmune disease of lacrimal and salivary glands - antibodies to ribonucleoprotein (anti-SSA/SSB)
• middle aged women
• presents with dry eyes/mouth
• Increased risk of B cell lymphoma

Question 2

Scleroderma

Answer 2

• Autoimmune disorder
• damage to small blood vessels causes excessive tissue fibrosis, can start in skin (Reynaud’s Syndrome)
• Can progress systemically to GI, lungs, kidneys, synovial joints

Question 3

CREST Syndrome

Answer 3

-limited form of scleroderma
C: Calcinosis (tightness of skin/Ca deposition)
R: Reynaud’s phenomenon
E: Esophageal dysmotility
S: Sclerodactyl- collagen deposition in skin causing tightening, ulcers
T: Telangectasia- dilated clustered capillaries on skin of face, hands

Question 4

Graft vs. Host Disease

Answer 4

Donor T-cells in bone marrow transplant attack recipient

Question 5

Cryptococcal meningitis, MAC, CMV (cytomegalovirus) retinitis

Answer 5

Diseases common in AIDS patients due lack of CD4 t-cells allowing weird infections

Question 6

Amyloidosis (4)

Answer 6

• Insoluble aggregation of misfolded proteins deposited in ECM
• Primary: due to production of B-cell light chains
• Reactive Systemic Amyloidosis: from serum amyloid-associated protein (SAA)
• Transthyretin: from transporter for thyroxine
• B2 microglobulin: in long-term dialysis patients

Question 7

Lupus

Answer 7

• Type III Hypersensitivity (immune complex)
• butterfly pattern rash on face
• pericarditis
• glomerulopathies
• photosensitivity
• joint pain